ESP32: System on a Chip

ESP32 Overview

• ESP32 is a family of low-cost and low-power system on a chip (SoC) with integrated Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities.
• Developed by Espressif Systems and manufactured by TSMC using a 40 nm process.

Processor and Performance

• Features a Tensilica Xtensa LX6 microprocessor with a single or dual core configuration, operating at 160 MHz or 240 MHz (with overclocking).
• Co-processor with ultra-low power (ULP) capabilities.
• 520 KiB SRAM memory.

Connectivity and Interfaces

• Wi-Fi capabilities: 802.11 b/g/n.
• Bluetooth capabilities: v4.2 BR/EDR and BLE.
• Peripherals interfaces include:
  • 12-bit SAR ADC (up to 18 channels).
  • 2 × 8-bit DACs.
  • 10 × capacitive touch sensors (GPIOs).
  • 4 × SPI.
  • 2 × I²S interfaces.
  • 2 × I²C interfaces.
  • 3 × UART.
  • SD/SDIO/CE-ATA/MMC/eMMC host controller.
  • SDIO/SPI slave controller.
  • Ethernet MAC interface with DMA and IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol support.
  • CAN 2.0 bus.
  • Infrared remote control (TX/RX, up to 8 channels).
  • PWM motor controller.
  • LED PWM (up to 16 channels).
  • Hall effect sensor.

Security Features

• Supports standard IEEE 802.11 security features, including WFA, WPA/WPA2, and WAPI.
• Secure boot.
• Flash encryption.
• 1024-bit OTP, up to 768-bit for clients.
• Hardware-accelerated cryptography: AES, SHA-2, RSA, elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), and random number generator (RNG).

Power Management

• Internal low-dropout regulator.
• Individual power domain for RTC.
• 5μA current consumption in deep sleep mode.
• Wake-up by interrupt from GPIO, timer, ADC measurements, or capacitive touch sensor interrupt.