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Study Notes
Nasal Airway Resistance
Definition
- Nasal airway resistance (NAR) refers to the opposition to airflow through the nasal passages
- Measured in units of pressure (cmH2O) per unit of flow (L/min)
Importance in 24-hour Nasal Condition Assessment
- NAR is a key indicator of nasal function and breathing comfort
- Elevated NAR can lead to nasal congestion, mouth breathing, and decreased quality of life
- 24-hour assessment of NAR provides a comprehensive understanding of nasal function throughout the day
Methods of Measurement
- Rhinomanometry: a non-invasive, objective method that measures nasal pressure and flow
- Peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF): a simple, non-invasive method that measures maximum nasal airflow during inspiration
- Acoustic rhinometry: a non-invasive method that uses sound waves to measure nasal cavity dimensions and calculate NAR
Normal Values
- NAR values vary depending on the measurement method and population being studied
- Generally, NAR values < 2.5 cmH2O/L/min are considered normal
Factors Affecting NAR
- Nasal anatomy (e.g., septal deviation, turbinate hypertrophy)
- Allergic rhinitis and other nasal inflammatory conditions
- Medications (e.g., decongestants, antihistamines)
- Hormonal changes (e.g., pregnancy, menstruation)
- Environmental factors (e.g., air pollution, temperature, humidity)
鼻道阻力
定義
- 鼻道阻力（NAR）是指鼻腔中氣流通過的阻力
- 以壓力（cmH2O）和流量（L/min）之間的比值衡量
在24小時鼻腔狀態評估中的重要性
- NAR是鼻腔功能和呼吸舒適度的重要指標
- 高NAR可能導致鼻塞、口呼吸和生活品質下降
- 24小時NAR評估能夠綜合了解鼻腔功能的全天候變化
測量方法
- 鼻阻力測量術（Rhinomanometry）：一种非侵入、客觀的方法，用於測量鼻腔壓力和流量
- 峰值鼻吸氣流量（PNIF）：一种簡單、非侵入的方法，用於測量吸氣時的最大鼻腔氣流量
- 音響鼻腔測量術（Acoustic rhinometry）：一种非侵入的方法，用於測量鼻腔腔室尺寸並計算NAR
正常值
- NAR值因測量方法和研究人群而異
- 一般认为，NAR值< 2.5 cmH2O/L/min為正常值
影響NAR的因素
- 鼻腔解剖结构（例如鼻中隔偏移、 turbinate腫大）
- 过敏性鼻炎和其他鼻腔炎症
- 藥物（例如解充血药、抗組織胺）
- 激素變化（例如懷孕、月經）
- 環境因素（例如空氣污染、氣溫、濕度）
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