Ernest Shackleton: Antarctic Explorer
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Questions and Answers

Where was Ernest Shackleton born?

  • South Georgia
  • Norway
  • Ireland (correct)
  • England

What was the name of the ship led by Shackleton in the British Antarctic Expedition?

  • Polaris
  • James Caird
  • Nimrod (correct)
  • Endurance

What was the goal of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition?

  • To make the first land crossing of Antarctica (correct)
  • To circumnavigate Antarctica
  • To reach a new Farthest South latitude
  • To explore the Arctic

What was the original purpose of the ship Endurance?

<p>For Arctic cruising (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did the Endurance leave South Georgia?

<p>December 5, 1914 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happened to the Endurance on January 19, 1915?

<p>It was trapped and crushed by pack ice in the Weddell Sea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the small boat that Shackleton and five men sailed to South Georgia?

<p>James Caird (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many men were part of the crew when the Endurance left South Georgia?

<p>28 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When was the entire crew of the Endurance finally rescued?

<p>August 30, 1916 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ernest Shackleton

Early Life and Career

  • Born on February 15, 1874, in Kilcummin, Ireland
  • Moved to England with his family at the age of 10
  • Joined the merchant navy at 16 and worked his way up the ranks
  • Joined the Royal Geographic Society's Discovery Expedition (1901-1904) led by Robert Falcon Scott
  • Led the British Antarctic Expedition (1907-1909) on the ship Nimrod, reaching a new Farthest South latitude of 88° 23’ S

Antarctic Exploration

  • Led three British expeditions to the Antarctic:
    1. British Antarctic Expedition (1907-1909) - reached a new Farthest South latitude of 88° 23’ S
    2. Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition (1914-1917) - attempted to make the first land crossing of Antarctica
    3. Quest Expedition (1921-1922) - aimed to circumnavigate Antarctica, but was cut short due to Shackleton's death

Endurance Ship

  • Built in 1912 in Norway as the Polaris, originally designed for Arctic cruising
  • Renamed Endurance and purchased by Shackleton for the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
  • Left South Georgia on December 5, 1914, with a crew of 28
  • Trapped and crushed by pack ice in the Weddell Sea on January 19, 1915
  • Crew abandoned ship on October 27, 1915, and made a perilous journey to Elephant Island
  • Shackleton and five men sailed 800 miles to South Georgia on the James Caird, a small boat, to get help
  • The entire crew was eventually rescued on August 30, 1916, without loss of life

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Description

Test your knowledge of Ernest Shackleton's life, expeditions, and adventures in Antarctica. Learn about his early life, British expeditions, and the ill-fated Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition on the Endurance ship.

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