12 Questions
During adolescence, what fears typically center on?
Physical appearance, sex, social status, vocation
Which age group experiences depression, restlessness, and anxiety as common characteristics?
Middle age (40-65 years)
What is an expected behavior of socially rejected children during puberty with disabilities?
Begin to develop behaviors to protect their egos
Which group is known to engage in less premarital sex during adolescence?
Girls
What does the text mention about the formation of cliques during adolescence?
Usually from similar socioeconomic and racial backgrounds
What is common during old age for those with disabilities according to the text?
Physically breakdown
During which stage of Erikson's life stages does a child typically experience the conflict of Trust vs. Mistrust?
Autonomy vs. Doubt (2-3 years)
In Piaget's stages of intellectual development, at what age range does a child typically go through the Concrete operational stage?
7-11 years
During preadolescence or puberty, what is one of the key characteristics that starts to develop in individuals around ages 10-12?
Rapid body changes
In childhood, what is a common characteristic of overprotective environments towards children?
Rapid maturation of large muscles
During middle childhood (ages 6-12), what is a significant challenge that children in this stage may face with regards to relationships?
Feeling left behind if not physically mobile
In Erikson's Psychosocial Theory, what is the main conflict experienced during young adulthood in the stage of Intimacy vs. Isolation?
Finding a balance between intimacy and independence
Study Notes
ERIKSON'S LIFE STAGES
- Trust vs. Mistrust: 0-1 year
- Autonomy vs. Doubt: 2-3 years
- Initiative vs. Guilt: 4-5 years
- Industry vs. Inferiority: 6-11 years
- Identity vs. Role Confusion: 12-18 years
- Intimacy vs. Isolation: young adulthood
- Generativity vs. Self-Absorption: middle age
- Integrity vs. Despair: old age
PIAGET'S STAGES OF INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT
- Sensorimotor: 0-2 years
- Preoperational: 2-7 years
- Concrete operational: 7-11 years
- Formal operational: 11+ years
CHILDHOOD
- Rapid growth from birth to five years of age
- Large muscles mature rapidly but aren't under full control
- High level of friendly interactions
- Friends increase between 2-3 years
- Later, closeness of attachment changes
- Kids can identify kids they'd like to play with
MIDDLE CHILDHOOD
- Ages 6-12
- Dominated by gang activities
- Dramatic growth of bones, muscles, and nervous tissue
- Large muscles increase in physical activity
- Physically immobile children often left behind
- Brain and nervous system reach maximum size
- Higher level of intellectual development
- Sexual differences learned
- Need to challenge authority
PREADOLESCENCE OR PUBERTY
- Ages 10-12
- Growth spurt
- Awakening sexuality
- Increase in peer group relationships
- Most rapid body changes except for infancy
- Look down on little children
- Breasts and female hormones develop in girls
- Boys become more muscular and male hormones develop
- Skin blemishes and weight gain
- Social class, age, maturity, and ethnic identity are considered
- Hardest age for socially rejected children
PUBERTY WITH DISABILITIES
- Social meanings of disabilities learned from those closest
- Overprotection can lead to feeling fragile
- Does not prepare for interaction, but prepares for rejection
- Begins to develop behaviors to protect their egos
- Isolation and hostility
ADOLESCENCE
- Puberty to late teens/early 20's
- "Impossible period" between childhood and adulthood
- Fears centering on physical appearance, sex, social status, and vocation
- Maintaining obedience to parents
- Controlling sexual urges
- Selecting a vocation
- Beginning to act as an adult
- Dating and engaging in premarital sex
- Cliques form based on socioeconomic and racial backgrounds
- Reinforcing and strengthening parental values
- Looking to achieve independence in dress, music, and slang
ADULTHOOD
- Young adulthood (18-21 to 40 years)
- Mobility and transition
- Variety of lifestyles
- Middle age (40-65 years)
- Depression, restlessness, irritability, anxiety, and physiological upheaval
- Concern about health and physical appearance
- Security and comfort
- Realization of not obtaining childhood dreams
- Accepting disability or continual depression
- Old age (65+ years)
- Equalizer for those with disabilities
- Physically breaking down
- Psychologically, less proficient
- Social disengagement and alienation common
Test your knowledge on Erikson's Life Stages and Piaget's Stages of Intellectual Development. From Trust vs. Mistrust to Formal operational stage, this quiz covers the key milestones in human development.
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