Equine Skin Masses

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Which type of sarcoid is characterized by ulcerative nodular masses that frequently bleed when knocked?

Nodular Sarcoids
Fibroblastic Sarcoids (correct)
Malignant Sarcoids
Mixed Sarcoids

What is the preferred treatment option for sarcoids that reduces the risk of recurrence, bleeding, and post-operative pain?

Elastrator band application
Cryotherapy
Laser surgical removal (correct)
Caustic cream application

Which type of cancer is characterized by locally invasive, pink, irregular, sometimes ulcerated lesions that occur most commonly around the genitals and eye?

Juvenile Papillomas
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (correct)
Melanoma
Eosinophilic Granuloma

What is the recommended treatment for melanomas that occur around the anus?

Surgical removal with a laser (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are eosinophilic granulomas?

Small, non-itchy, firm, round, non-painful, raised nodules (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the suspected cause of eosinophilic granulomas?

Hypersensitivity reaction to insect bites (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common location for juvenile papillomas?

Muzzle (C) Signup and view all the answers

What causes juvenile papillomas?

Equine papilloma virus (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for juvenile papillomas?

Leave them untreated (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common location for squamous cell carcinoma in equids?

Third eyelid (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most common skin tumor of horses?

Sarcoid (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical histological feature of sarcoids?

Increased density of dermal fibroblasts (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which virus contributes to the development of equine sarcoid?

Bovine papillomavirus (B) Signup and view all the answers

Where are sarcoids most commonly found on horses?

Groin, axilla, and around eyes (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical appearance of melanoma in horses?

Black, spherical or plaque-like (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical appearance of squamous cell carcinoma in horses?

Raised, irregular, pink (A) Signup and view all the answers

How are sarcoids usually diagnosed?

By visual appearance alone (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the clinical features of occult sarcoid in horses?

Flat, often hairless areas of skin (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the clinical features of verrucose sarcoids in horses?

Plaques of cracked flaky irregular skin (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the possible differentials for equine skin masses?

Neoplasia, abscess, cyst, eosinophilic granuloma (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the clinical features of melanoma in horses?

Melanomas in horses are black, spherical or plaque-like masses. They are most commonly found around the perineum and parotid region of grey horses. Signup and view all the answers

What are the different types of sarcoids in horses?

There are six different types of sarcoids in horses: occult sarcoid, verrucose sarcoid, fibroblastic sarcoid, nodular sarcoid, mixed sarcoid, and malevolent sarcoid. Signup and view all the answers

What is the suspected cause of eosinophilic granulomas in horses?

The exact cause of eosinophilic granulomas in horses is not known, but it is believed to be related to an allergic or immune response. Signup and view all the answers

How are sarcoids usually diagnosed in horses?

Sarcoids are usually diagnosed based on their visual appearance, but a biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common location for squamous cell carcinoma in horses?

Squamous cell carcinomas in horses are most commonly found around the genitals and eyes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical appearance of verrucose sarcoids in horses?

Verrucose sarcoids in horses appear as plaques of cracked, flaky, irregular skin that are often described as wart-like. The margins of these sarcoids can be difficult to determine. Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred treatment option for sarcoids in horses?

The preferred treatment option for sarcoids in horses is surgical removal, which reduces the risk of recurrence, bleeding, and post-operative pain. Signup and view all the answers

What are the different types of sarcoids in horses and how do they differ in appearance?

Nodular sarcoids are firm round nodules within the skin, fibroblastic sarcoids are ulcerative nodular masses that bleed when knocked, malignant sarcoids have extensive rapid spread over a wide area with cords of sarcoid tissue interspersed with nodules and fibroblastic lesions, and mixed sarcoids are areas with two or more types of sarcoids with no distinguishable margin between them. Signup and view all the answers

What are the treatment options for sarcoids in horses?

Treatment options for sarcoids include laser surgical removal, cryotherapy, caustic cream application, elastrator band application, radiotherapy, and other possible therapies. Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for melanomas in horses?

Melanomas in horses are usually benign and can be left untreated. However, early removal is sometimes beneficial, especially for those around the anus, which can be easily removed with a surgical laser to prevent future defecation difficulties. Signup and view all the answers

What are the clinical features of squamous cell carcinoma in horses?

Squamous cell carcinoma in horses is locally invasive, pink, irregular, and sometimes ulcerated. It can grow rapidly and occurs most commonly around the genitals and eye. Signup and view all the answers

What are eosinophilic granulomas in horses and what causes them?

Eosinophilic granulomas in horses are small, non-itchy, firm, raised nodules with normal hair covering. Their actual cause is unknown, but there is evidence that they may be a type of hypersensitivity reaction to insect bites or may follow trauma such as ill-fitting tack. Signup and view all the answers

What are juvenile papillomas in horses and what causes them?

Juvenile papillomas in horses are multiple, small, irregular, verrucose, grey, proliferative lesions that occur most commonly on the muzzle, face, and sheath of young horses. They are caused by equine papilloma virus. Signup and view all the answers

How are eosinophilic granulomas in horses diagnosed?

Eosinophilic granulomas in horses can be diagnosed based on clinical appearance, fine needle aspirate, or biopsy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical clinical appearance of juvenile papillomas in horses?

Juvenile papillomas in horses have a clinical appearance of multiple, small, irregular, verrucose, grey, proliferative lesions. Signup and view all the answers