3 Equine Respiratory Exams & Asthma

A horse with severe respiratory distress is exhibiting anxious behavior, an extended head and neck, and bulging eyes. What is the MOST concerning additional clinical sign that would indicate the horse's condition is critical?

During a respiratory examination of a horse, you observe abdominal pressing. Which part of the respiratory tract is MOST likely affected?

You are evaluating a horse with suspected upper respiratory tract disease. Given that approximately 80% of airway resistance originates in the upper respiratory tract (URT), what clinical sign would be MOST indicative of increased work of breathing due to a small change in the URT caliber?

A horse exhibits stertor during an upper respiratory tract examination. Where is the MOST likely origin of the respiratory noise?

Upon physical examination of a horse, you note the presence of diffuse lymphadenopathy. What does this finding suggest about the horse's condition?

You observe serosanguinous nasal discharge in a horse. What does this finding suggest?

While evaluating a horse for sinus issues, you note a facial deformity and unilateral nasal discharge. What diagnostic technique would be MOST useful for further assessment?

When performing auscultation of the lower airway in a horse, which landmark helps define the caudodorsal aspect of the lung field?

You are preparing to perform a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) on a horse with suspected lower airway disease. Besides sterile saline, what medication is MOST critical to include in the initial syringe for the procedure?

A horse is diagnosed with mild-moderate equine asthma. A BAL is performed, and the cytology results are back. Which finding is MOST consistent with this diagnosis?

Thoracic radiographs are MOST useful in the diagnosis of equine respiratory disease for what purpose?

A horse is diagnosed with severe equine asthma (S-EA) and is undergoing treatment. What is the MOST important long-term management strategy to prevent recurrence and lung damage?

A horse with a chronic cough is diagnosed with severe equine asthma (S-EA). How can you BEST describe the nature of the condition in this horse?

During an equine respiratory examination, what observation would MOST strongly suggest you avoid using a rebreathing bag?

According to Puiseuille's Law, if the airway caliber of a horse is reduced by 50% due to inflammation, what is the predicted change in airway resistance (R)?

Regarding the examination of the larynx and trachea of a horse with respiratory problems what is the potential significance of identifying a prominent muscular process upon palpation?

Upon endoscopic examination of a horse's upper airway, what finding concerning the epithelium or mucosa would be considered abnormal?

During a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) procedure in a horse, after the scope is wedged in the terminal end and the cuff inflated, what volume of warmed, sterile fluid is typically administered, and what is the expected recovery yield?

What pharmacological principle is MOST important in the management of summer pasture-associated severe equine asthma compared to hay-associated severe equine asthma?

A horse is being evaluated for a primary cough without any obvious signs of infection. Based on the provided algorithm, what is the MOST appropriate initial treatment strategy?

Following the diagnosis of severe equine asthma, an owner is concerned about the long-term effects on their horse. What is the MOST significant long-term risk associated with severe equine asthma that could impact the horse's athletic performance and overall health?

What dietary recommendation is MOST critical for managing a horse with severe equine asthma to minimize exposure to airborne irritants?

A horse has been diagnosed with severe equine asthma. What is the MOST appropriate housing recommendation to minimize the risk of exacerbating the condition?

Which diagnostic finding would STRONGLY suggest a horse has severe equine asthma rather than mild-moderate equine asthma?

Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate environmental management for horses that have pulmonary inflammation?

Which statement accurately reflects the use of systemic versus aerosolized corticosteroids in equine asthma management?

Why is the timing of actuation of the Aservo Equihaler in relation to the breath of the horse important?

What is the MOST significant reason to avoid feeding hay off the ground to horses with severe equine asthma?

You are advising a client on preventative measures for equine asthma, particularly for horses with a genetic predisposition. What is the MOST crucial recommendation to minimize the likelihood of developing severe disease?

What is the MOST important consideration to communicate to the owner of a newly diagnosed horse with severe equine asthma?

Which additional diagnostic is MOST likely to be indicated if the clinical response isn't appropriate for a horse with Severe Equine Asthma?

What is the potential downside of using round bale hay to feed horses?

What is a typical respiratory rate for a horse?

While observing a horse, you note that it is extending its head and neck. What does this indicate?

Increased work of breathing in horses can be identified as what?

What is epistaxis?

In horses, where does 80% of respiratory resistance originate?

What inspiratory noise is associated with the pharynx?

A horse is diagnosed with severe equine asthma (S-EA) after failing to respond adequately to initial bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory treatments. Assuming the initial diagnosis was based on clinical signs and a BAL, what is the MOST appropriate next step to refine the diagnosis and assess the long-term prognosis?

A horse with a history of exercise intolerance is being evaluated for potential respiratory disease. During the initial observation, the horse exhibits a normal respiratory rate and effort at rest. What diagnostic step would be MOST beneficial to assess the horse's respiratory function more comprehensively?

A horse presents with a history of recurrent epistaxis. What diagnostic imaging modality would BEST allow for detailed visualization of the nasal passages and sinuses to identify potential sources of bleeding?

During a physical examination, you observe that a horse has an increased respiratory rate (tachypnea) but normal depth of respiration. Which underlying condition is the MOST likely cause of this clinical sign?

When evaluating a horse with suspected severe equine asthma (S-EA), what would be the MOST important historical information to gather from the owner to differentiate between summer pasture-associated S-EA and hay-associated S-EA?

A horse with severe equine asthma (S-EA) is undergoing a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Cytology results reveal a markedly elevated neutrophil percentage (80%) and the absence of mast cells and eosinophils. How should you interpret these findings in the context of S-EA?

A horse exhibiting signs of respiratory distress is being evaluated. You note that the horse only appears to have difficulty breathing during inspiration. Where is the MOST likely location of the horse's respiratory compromise?

A horse with chronic respiratory issues is being fed hay. What specific hay-management practice would be MOST effective in reducing the risk of exacerbating the horse's condition?

In managing a horse with severe equine asthma (S-EA), why is early intervention considered crucial in preventing long-term respiratory dysfunction?

You are called to examine a horse that has been acutely coughing after being moved to a new stable. Upon auscultation, you note enhanced bronchovesicular sounds. What is the MOST likely cause of these abnormal sounds?

What is the primary reason horses are considered obligate nasal breathers?

During a respiratory examination of a horse, you observe a distinct 'tracheal rattle.' What anatomical structure or pathological process is MOST likely responsible for this sound?

A horse with chronic respiratory signs is suspected of having lower airway obstruction. Which of the following findings during thoracic auscultation would STRONGLY support this suspicion?

Dynamic endoscopy is performed on a performance horse experiencing exercise intolerance. What is the PRIMARY reason for evaluating the upper airway during exercise rather than at rest?

A horse undergoing a respiratory examination is found to have a normal respiratory rate while at rest. Which of the following statements BEST describes the diagnostic implications of this finding?

What is the pathological mechanism by which positive intrathoracic pressure contributes to airway collapse in horses with lower respiratory tract obstructive disease?

Following a complete respiratory examination, a horse is suspected to have a pharyngeal lesion. Which clinical sign would MOST strongly support this suspicion?

Evaluate the scenarios, and select the scenario where performing a rebreathing bag examination would be MOST contraindicated.

You are asked to advise on environmental management for a horse diagnosed with severe equine asthma (S-EA). Which recommendation would be MOST effective in reducing the horse’s exposure to airborne irritants?

A horse is suspected of having a sinus issue. What diagnostic finding would MOST strongly suggest the need for advanced imaging of the sinuses?

A horse is undergoing bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) as part of a diagnostic workup for chronic cough. What does the instilled lidocaine accomplish during the BAL procedure?

A horse that has been diagnosed with severe equine asthma (S-EA) is being discharged. Regarding long-term management, what recommendation is of UTMOST importance?

You observe that a horse has an extended head and neck, bulging eyes, and is anxious at rest. Given these signs, which of the following additional observations would indicate the horse's condition is MOST critical?

During auscultation of the thorax in a horse, an area of diminished lung sounds is identified in the caudodorsal lung field. Which anatomical landmark would MOST accurately define the boundary of the lung field in that region?

A horse is suspected of having an upper respiratory tract noise. The noise is high-pitched and inspiratory. What term BEST describes this respiratory noise?

When performing an endoscopic examination on a horse, you observe that the tracheal mucosa appears erythematous and inflamed. According to tracheal mucus scoring, what additional finding would be MOST indicative of severe inflammation?

A horse is diagnosed with mild-moderate equine asthma following a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). How is the cough described for this disease process?

A horse with respiratory distress is confirmed to have severe equine asthma. Which of the following diagnostic results confirms S-EA?

There are some clinical signs to be aware of for a patient with equine disease. Which list includes clinical signs of respiratory distress at rest?

Respiratory distress can be mild/moderate to critical in horses. Starting with mild/moderate, how would you expect the impaired oxygen exchange to progress?

You are using a rebreathing bag for a respiratory examination. What abnormal sound may be present?

If a horse is experiencing expiratory difficulty, what is the MOST likely location of the respiratory issue?

When evaluating asymmetrical airflow, what diagnostic indicator would be MOST concerning?

Where does 80% of resistance originate in a horse?