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Questions and Answers
What is the main mode of transmission for Oxyuris equi?
What is the main mode of transmission for Oxyuris equi?
- Fecal-oral (correct)
- Contaminated water sources
- Direct contact with other animals
- Airborne droplets
What is the approximate prepatent period for Oxyuris equi?
What is the approximate prepatent period for Oxyuris equi?
- 1 month
- 3 months
- 5 months (correct)
- 2 weeks
What characteristic is commonly associated with the eggs of Oxyuris equi?
What characteristic is commonly associated with the eggs of Oxyuris equi?
- Bright red color
- Small and white
- Flat and transparent
- Ovoid and yellowish with a mucoid plug (correct)
Which clinical sign is primarily associated with Oxyuris equi infection?
Which clinical sign is primarily associated with Oxyuris equi infection?
Where do adult Oxyuris equi worms primarily reside in their host?
Where do adult Oxyuris equi worms primarily reside in their host?
Which treatment is effective against both immature and adult Oxyuris equi?
Which treatment is effective against both immature and adult Oxyuris equi?
What method is recommended for diagnosing Oxyuris equi infection?
What method is recommended for diagnosing Oxyuris equi infection?
What is a common observable physical sign of Oxyuris equi infection?
What is a common observable physical sign of Oxyuris equi infection?
How many eggs can a gravid female Oxyuris equi lay per clump?
How many eggs can a gravid female Oxyuris equi lay per clump?
Which of the following options describes the resistance of Oxyuris equi eggs?
Which of the following options describes the resistance of Oxyuris equi eggs?
Flashcards
Equine Pinworm Life Cycle
Equine Pinworm Life Cycle
A direct life cycle transmitted fecal-orally where eggs become infective in 3-5 days, attaching to surfaces and ingested by horses.
Equine Pinworm Symptoms
Equine Pinworm Symptoms
Characterized by intense perianal irritation, ulceration, and tail rubbing, potentially causing a "rat-tailed" appearance.
Oxyuris equi Ova Location
Oxyuris equi Ova Location
Found in clumps around the perianal area, rather than directly within the fecal material from the colon.
Oxyuris equi Ova Characteristics
Oxyuris equi Ova Characteristics
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Diagnosis Method (Pinworm)
Diagnosis Method (Pinworm)
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Equine Pinworm Treatment
Equine Pinworm Treatment
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Prepatent Period (Pinworm)
Prepatent Period (Pinworm)
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Pinworm Transmission
Pinworm Transmission
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Pinworm Eggs Viability
Pinworm Eggs Viability
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Pinworm Adult Location in the Horse
Pinworm Adult Location in the Horse
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Study Notes
Oxyuris equi (Equine Pinworm)
- Another nematode, characterized by a long, tapering tail
- Ubiquitous, especially in high rainfall areas
- Affects horses and donkeys worldwide
Life Cycle
- Direct transmission: Fecal-oral
- Prepatent period: 5 months
- Adult worms: Males ~1 cm, Females ~15 cm, found in the cecum and colon
- Reproduction: Gravid females migrate to the perianal area, laying eggs in sticky clusters (8,000-60,000 eggs/cluster). Eggs become infective in 3-5 days.
- Environmental contamination: Eggs are cemented to the surrounding area (walls, feeders, etc), which dries and flakes off. These flakes can then be ingested from contaminated surroundings
- Maturation: Eggs hatch in the small intestine, larvae migrate to the cecum and colon for maturation.
- Egg viability: Eggs are very resistant to drying and remain viable for extended periods.
Clinical Signs
- Pruritus ani (itching): Irritation caused by eggs being cemented to the perineal area.
- Perianal irritation and ulceration: Perianal area becomes inflamed and sores can develop
- "Tail-rubbed" appearance: As a result of the irritation, horses constantly rub their tails
- "Rat-tailed" appearance: Another description of the tail-rubbing phenomena
- Ova detection limitations: Ova are not always present in feces directly collected from the colon. They may be found in feces collected from the ground.
Ova Characteristics
- Ovoid and yellowish
- Slightly flattened on one side
- Mucoid plug (operculum) present at one end
Diagnosis
- Scotch tape method: Microscopically examine for ova.
- Fecal float: Less effective
- Observation: Preemptive diagnosis by observing perianal itching; adults sometimes pass in stool.
Treatment
- Broad-spectrum equine anthelmintics are effective against both immature and adult pinworms. Examples: ivermectin, moxidectin. Fenbendazole & oxibendazole are also effective treatments, as well as Pyrantel.
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