Questions and Answers
In the ruminant, the upper incisor teeth are replaced by a papilla.
True
The lingual frenulum is a thin band of tissue that connects the tongue to the roof of the mouth.
False
The papilla incisiva is a small median swelling on the lower incisor teeth.
False
The palatum durum is located ventrally in the mouth.
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The radix linguae is the apex of the tongue.
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The sulcus medianus is a groove on the ventral aspect of the canine tongue.
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The labium superius is divided by a median groove known as philtrum in the sheep and dog.
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The bucca is located dorsally in the mouth.
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The Canine tooth is only found in male horses.
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The Carnassial teeth are found in the upper and lower first premolar teeth of carnivores.
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The Wolf tooth is found in the lower first premolar tooth of a horse.
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Teeth can be divided into two types based on the distribution of enamel: Brachyodont and Hypsodont.
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The Enamelum is one of the three mineralised substances of the tooth.
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The Radix dentis (Root) of the tooth is located at the gum line.
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The foliate papillae are located on the anterior part of the tongue.
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Carnivores have a well-developed foliate papilla.
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Glandula labiale is a type of major salivary gland.
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The parotid duct in horses opens into the upper second cheek tooth.
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The mandibular duct opens into the sublingual caruncle in all animals.
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Ruminants have a well-developed foliate papilla.
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The glandula zygomatica is present in ruminants.
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The middle buccale gland is present in carnivores.
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Study Notes
Teeth
- Types of teeth: Incisor, Canine, Premolar, Molar
- Wolf tooth: Upper first premolar tooth in horses
- Carnassial teeth: Sectorial teeth in carnivores, having three cusps
- Tooth structure:
- Enamel (Enamelum)
- Dentin (Dentinum)
- Cement (Cementum)
- Tooth parts:
- Corona dentis (Crown)
- Collum dentis (Neck)
- Radix dentis (Root)
- Tooth types:
- Brachyodont type: Short crowned, e.g., human, carnivores, pig, ruminant (lower incisor), equine (canine)
- Hypselodont type: Long crowned, e.g., equine, ruminant (cheek)
Digestive System
- Systema digestorium: Mouth, Pharynx, Alimentary canal, Associated organs
- Mouth parts:
- Labia oris (Rostrally): Upper lip (Labium superius) and lower lip (Labium inferius)
- Bucca (Laterally): Buccal glands
- Lingual frenulum: Connects tongue to the floor of the mouth
- Gums (Gingiva): Tissue surrounding teeth
- Palatum durum (Dorsally): Hard palate with raphe palati and palatum ridge (Rugae palatinae)
- Palatum molle (Dorsally): Soft palate
- Tongue (Ventrally)
- Teeth
- Salivary glands
Tongue
- Lingua (Tongue) parts:
- Radix linguae (Root)
- Corpus linguae (Body)
- Apex linguae (Apex)
- Frenulum linguae: Connects tongue to oral floor
- Sulcus median (Median groove) on dorsal aspect of canine tongue
- Features:
- Foliate papillae: Small vertical folds on tongue's posterolateral sides of base of tongue (present in horse and pig, rudimentary in ruminant, absent in carnivores)
Salivary Glands
- Function: Produce saliva for digestion, mouth moistening, and healthy teeth
- Types:
- Minor salivary glands:
- Glandula labiale: Microscopic glands in horse lips (absent in ruminant)
- Glandula buccales: Dorsal and ventral buccal glands
- Major salivary glands:
- Glandula parotis (Parotid gland): Location varies by species
- Glandula Mandibularis (Mandibular gland): Near jaw angle, covered by parotid gland
- Glandula sublinguales (Sublingual gland): Polystomatic and monostomatic types
- Minor salivary glands:
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