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Questions and Answers
What is the formula for the change in Gibbs free energy at standard conditions?
What does Kp stand for in the equation Kp=Kc(RT)△ⁿ?
Equilibrium constant for partial pressures
How can you express the equilibrium constant in terms of Gibbs free energy?
What is the formula relating Gibbs free energy change to enthalpy and entropy?
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What condition does the equation △G°>0 and Keq+20kJ suggest about a reaction?
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What does the letter Q represent in chemical equilibrium?
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Study Notes
Equilibrium Formulas and Rules
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Gibbs Free Energy and Equilibrium Constant:
- Formula: △G° = -RT ln Keq
- Relates Gibbs free energy change (△G°) to the equilibrium constant (Keq).
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Pressure-Volume Relationship:
- Formula: Kp = Kc(RT)△ⁿ
- Connects equilibrium constants in different states (Kp for gases, Kc for concentrations) and accounts for the change in moles (△ⁿ).
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Equilibrium Constant from Gibbs Free Energy:
- Formula: Keq = e^(-△G°/RT)
- Establishes a direct relationship between the equilibrium constant and Gibbs free energy.
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Gibbs Free Energy Components:
- Formula: △G° = △H° - T△S°
- Illustrates the relationship between change in enthalpy (△H°), temperature (T), and change in entropy (△S°) in determining Gibbs free energy.
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Implication of Positive Gibbs Free Energy:
- When △G° > 0 (e.g., +20 kJ), the system favors reactants, shifting the reaction left until the reaction quotient (Q) equals Keq.
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Reaction Quotient (Q):
- Q provides a measure of the current state of the reaction and is used to predict the direction of the shift toward equilibrium.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key equilibrium formulas and rules with these flashcards. From the Gibbs free energy equation to the relationship between Kp and Kc, this quiz covers essential concepts in chemical equilibrium. Perfect for chemistry students looking to reinforce their understanding.
