CH 16: Equilibrium constant
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Questions and Answers

What is the central concept behind the equilibrium constant (Kc)?

  • The Arrhenius Equation
  • The Ideal Gas Law
  • The Law of Mass Action (correct)
  • The Law of Thermodynamics

What does the equilibrium constant (Kc) provide a quantitative measure of?

  • The energy released or absorbed in a reaction
  • The rate of a chemical reaction
  • The extent to which a reaction proceeds before reaching equilibrium (correct)
  • The solubility of a substance

What is the general expression for the equilibrium constant (Kc) of a reaction: aA + bB ⇌ cC + dD?

  • Kc = [A]^a[B]^b / [C]^c[D]^d (correct)
  • Kc = [A]^a / [B]^b[C]^c[D]^d
  • Kc = [A]^a[B]^b[C]^c[D]^d
  • Kc = [A]^a[B]^b / [C]^c + [D]^d

How does a change in temperature affect the value of the equilibrium constant (Kc)?

<p>It can either increase or decrease the Kc value, depending on the reaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does NOT influence the equilibrium constant (Kc)?

<p>Pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a large value of the equilibrium constant (Kc) indicate about a chemical reaction?

<p>The reaction has a high yield of products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a small value of the equilibrium constant (Kc) indicate about a chemical reaction?

<p>The reaction has a low yield of products (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the equilibrium constant (Kc) is FALSE?

<p>Kc is influenced by changes in pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following can be used to determine the equilibrium constant (Kc) for a reaction?

<p>Measuring the final concentrations of reactants and products (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the value of the equilibrium constant (Kc) be used to predict the direction of a chemical reaction?

<p>A large Kc value indicates the reaction will proceed to the right (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that affects the magnitude of the equilibrium constant (Kc)?

<p>The nature of the reactants and products involved (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the introduction of a catalyst affect the value of the equilibrium constant (Kc)?

<p>It does not affect the value of Kc (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For the reaction 2A(g) + B(g) ⇌ 3C(g), if the equilibrium concentrations are [A] = 0.2 M, [B] = 0.3 M, and [C] = 0.5 M, what is the value of the equilibrium constant (Kc)?

<p>$rac{(0.5)^3}{(0.2)^2(0.3)}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a high Kc value (Kc > 1) suggest about the reaction equilibrium?

<p>The reaction equilibrium heavily favors product formation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a low Kc value (0 < Kc < 1) for a chemical reaction?

<p>The reaction equilibrium favors the reactants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the magnitude of Kc be used in industrial chemistry?

<p>To determine the feasibility and efficiency of manufacturing processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the equilibrium constant Kc be used in environmental chemistry and biochemistry?

<p>To predict the behavior of chemical species in natural processes and biological systems (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a RICE (Reaction, Initial, Change, Equilibrium) table when calculating the equilibrium constant Kc?

<p>To systematically calculate the equilibrium concentrations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the interpretation of Kc values, in conjunction with Le Châtelier's Principle, help chemists predict the effects of changing conditions on the equilibrium position and yield?

<p>By understanding how changes in conditions like temperature and concentration affect the equilibrium position and yield (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of understanding and calculating the equilibrium constant Kc?

<p>To equip students, chemists, and industry professionals with the tools to predict reaction behavior, optimize processes, and interpret the effects of changing conditions on chemical systems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The equilibrium constant (Kc) is derived from which fundamental principle?

<p>The Law of Mass Action (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For the reaction: $2A + B \rightleftharpoons 3C$, what is the expression for the equilibrium constant (Kc)?

<p>$K_c = \frac{[C]^3}{[A]^2[B]}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the equilibrium constant (Kc) for a reaction is greater than 1, what can be inferred about the reaction?

<p>The reaction favors the products at equilibrium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the equilibrium constant (Kc) is TRUE?

<p>Kc has the same value for a reaction and its reverse reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the equilibrium concentrations for the reaction: $2A + B \rightleftharpoons C$ are [A] = 0.2 M, [B] = 0.4 M, and [C] = 0.8 M, what is the value of Kc?

<p>5 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT influence the value of the equilibrium constant (Kc) for a reaction?

<p>The initial concentrations of reactants and products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the equilibrium constant (Kc) for a reaction is very small (Kc << 1), what can be inferred about the reaction?

<p>The reaction favors the reactants at equilibrium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the equilibrium constant (Kc) and the reaction quotient (Q) for a chemical reaction?

<p>All of the above statements are correct (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For the reaction: $2A + B \rightleftharpoons C + D$, if the equilibrium concentrations are [A] = 0.3 M, [B] = 0.6 M, [C] = 0.2 M, and [D] = 0.4 M, what is the value of Kc?

<p>0.556 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the equilibrium constant (Kc) is FALSE?

<p>Kc is affected by changes in pressure (for gaseous reactions) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between the equilibrium constant (Kc) and the concentration of reactants and products?

<p>The ratio of product concentrations to reactant concentrations at equilibrium determines Kc. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a gaseous reaction, if the total pressure is increased at constant temperature, what effect will it have on the value of the equilibrium constant (Kc)?

<p>Kc will remain unchanged, as it is independent of pressure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the reaction: $2NO(g) + O_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2NO_2(g)$, the equilibrium concentrations are: [NO] = 0.4 M, [O_2] = 0.2 M, and [NO_2] = 0.6 M. What is the value of the equilibrium constant (Kc) for this reaction?

<p>Kc = 2.25 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the equilibrium constant (Kc) and catalysts is incorrect?

<p>The presence of a catalyst changes the value of Kc for a reaction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of industrial chemistry, what is the significance of a high equilibrium constant (Kc) value for a desired product?

<p>It indicates a high yield of the desired product at equilibrium. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a RICE (Reaction, Initial, Change, Equilibrium) table in the calculation of the equilibrium constant (Kc)?

<p>To systematically calculate equilibrium concentrations from initial conditions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the equilibrium constant (Kc) is true?

<p>Kc provides a quantitative measure of the extent of a reaction at equilibrium. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the reaction: $2SO_2(g) + O_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2SO_3(g)$, the equilibrium concentrations are: [SO_2] = 0.3 M, [O_2] = 0.2 M, and [SO_3] = 0.4 M. If the value of Kc for this reaction is 8.0, which of the following statements is correct?

<p>The reaction is not at equilibrium, and the concentrations need to be adjusted. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of understanding and calculating the equilibrium constant Kc?

<p>To measure the extent of a reaction before reaching equilibrium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a change in temperature affect the value of the equilibrium constant (Kc)?

<p>The effect of temperature on Kc depends on the type of reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general expression for the equilibrium constant (Kc) of a reaction: aA + bB ⇌ cC + dD?

<p>$K_c = rac{[A]^a[B]^b}{[C]^c[D]^d}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the equilibrium constant (Kc) for a reaction is very small (Kc << 1), what can be inferred about the reaction?

<p>The reaction is strongly favored towards the reactants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For the reaction: $2A + B ightleftharpoons 3C$, what is the expression for the equilibrium constant (Kc)?

<p>$K_c = rac{[C]^3}{[A]^2[B]}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT influence the value of the equilibrium constant (Kc) for a reaction?

<p>Catalyst (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a low Kc value (0 < Kc < 1) for a chemical reaction?

<p>The reaction is strongly favored towards the reactants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the equilibrium constant (Kc) and catalysts is incorrect?

<p>Catalysts can be used to increase the yield of a desired product by shifting the equilibrium position (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the equilibrium constant (Kc) for a reaction is greater than 1, what can be inferred about the reaction?

<p>The reaction is strongly favored towards the products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the equilibrium constant (Kc) is FALSE?

<p>Kc is influenced by the introduction of a catalyst (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do changes in pressure and volume affect the equilibrium constant Kc for reactions involving gases?

<p>They can alter the concentration terms in the Kc expression, but Kc itself remains unchanged unless temperature changes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a catalyst in relation to the equilibrium constant Kc?

<p>A catalyst has no effect on the value of Kc; it only speeds up the attainment of equilibrium. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a high Kc value (Kc > 1) signify about a reaction at equilibrium?

<p>The reaction at equilibrium strongly favors product formation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Haber process for ammonia production, what does a high Kc value suggest about the yield of ammonia?

<p>Profitable yield of ammonia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does understanding and calculating Kc help in environmental chemistry and biochemistry?

<p>It predicts chemical behavior in natural processes and biological systems. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a low Kc value (0 < Kc < 1) for a chemical reaction?

<p>It suggests a reaction favoring the reactants more than the products. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can chemists predict the effects of changing conditions on equilibrium using Le Châtelier's Principle and interpretation of Kc values?

<p>By anticipating shifts in equilibrium position and yield through an understanding of Kc and Le Châtelier's Principle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does not influence the magnitude of the equilibrium constant Kc?

<p>Initial conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can changes in pressure and volume influence the concentration terms in the equilibrium constant expression?

<p>They alter the concentration terms but not the value of Kc unless temperature changes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is calculating Kc important in industrial chemistry?

<p>To determine feasibility and efficiency of manufacturing processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the equilibrium constant (Kc) provide a numerical representation of?

<p>Extent to which a reaction proceeds before reaching equilibrium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the equilibrium constant expression Kc=[A]a[B]b[C]c[D]d, what do [A], [B], [C], and [D] represent?

<p>Molar concentrations of reactants and products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle does the equilibrium constant (Kc) stem from?

<p>Law of Mass Action (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a change in temperature influence the equilibrium constant (Kc) for a reaction?

<p>It alters the Kc value reflecting a shifted equilibrium position (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a low value of the equilibrium constant (Kc) suggest about a chemical reaction?

<p>Equilibrium lies heavily towards reactants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the law of mass action play in determining the equilibrium position of a chemical system?

<p>It determines the equilibrium position based on reactant and product concentrations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of knowing and understanding the equilibrium constant (Kc) in reversible reactions?

<p>Predicts yield at equilibrium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the value of the equilibrium constant (Kc) if all concentrations in the reaction expression are doubled?

<p>Kc remains unchanged (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a catalyst influence the value of the equilibrium constant (Kc) for a reaction?

<p>Has no effect on Kc as it only speeds up reactions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In relation to Le Châtelier's Principle, how does an increase in pressure affect the concentration terms in the equilibrium constant expression?

<p>Shifts concentration towards products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the magnitude of the equilibrium constant (Kc) for a chemical reaction?

<p>The nature of the reactants and products involved (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a gaseous reaction, how does an increase in pressure at constant temperature affect the value of the equilibrium constant (Kc)?

<p>Kc remains unchanged (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of using a RICE (Reaction, Initial, Change, Equilibrium) table when calculating the equilibrium constant (Kc)?

<p>To systematically determine the equilibrium concentrations of reactants and products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For the reaction: $2A(g) + B(g) ightleftharpoons 3C(g)$, if the equilibrium concentrations are [A] = 0.2 M, [B] = 0.3 M, and [C] = 0.5 M, what is the value of the equilibrium constant (Kc)?

<p>$Kc = \frac{(0.5)^3}{(0.2)^2(0.3)}$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a high equilibrium constant (Kc > 1) for a chemical reaction?

<p>The reaction equilibrium heavily favors the formation of products (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the introduction of a catalyst affect the value of the equilibrium constant (Kc) for a chemical reaction?

<p>Kc remains unchanged (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For the reaction: $2NO(g) + O_2(g) ightleftharpoons 2NO_2(g)$, the equilibrium concentrations are: [NO] = 0.4 M, [O_2] = 0.2 M, and [NO_2] = 0.6 M. What is the value of the equilibrium constant (Kc) for this reaction?

<p>$Kc = \frac{(0.6)^2}{(0.4)^2(0.2)}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the magnitude of the equilibrium constant (Kc) be used to predict the direction of a chemical reaction?

<p>A high Kc value indicates the reaction favors the formation of products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the equilibrium constant (Kc) be used to determine the feasibility and efficiency of manufacturing processes in industrial chemistry?

<p>A high Kc value indicates the process is feasible and efficient (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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