EPPM Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What does EPPM stand for?

Emotional Parallel Process Model

Effective Parallel Process Model

Extended Parallel Process Model (correct)

Enhanced Parallel Process Model

What is the primary focus of the Perception of Threat?

The perception that the health hazard is severe, susceptibility to harm, and the ability to avoid the hazard.

What are Fear Appeals?

Messages that provide positive feedback

Messages that encourage taking no action

Messages that only inform about health risks

Messages designed to scare people into action (correct)

What is assessed during the First Appraisal of Threat?

The danger or harm in the environment, perceived susceptibility, and perceived severity. Signup and view all the answers

What does Second Appraisal of Efficacy examine?

The effectiveness and ease of response to impede or avoid a threat. Signup and view all the answers

Maladaptive behavior means someone is aware of their risk.

False Signup and view all the answers

What factors are considered in Threat Appraisal?

Perceived susceptibility and perceived severity. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when No Threat is Perceived?

The individual believes there is no need to respond Signup and view all the answers

When Threat is Perceived, motivation to appraise increases.

True Signup and view all the answers

What does Efficacy Appraisal evaluate?

The effectiveness of the recommended response and the individual's ability to perform that response. Signup and view all the answers

Low Efficacy means the individual is confident in their response.

False Signup and view all the answers

High Efficacy suggests belief in the solution and ability to implement it.

True Signup and view all the answers

What is the Danger/Fear Control Process?

The process where fear exists, and a recommended response is accepted to take protective action. Signup and view all the answers

What factors increase the likelihood of taking recommended action according to the Summary?

Belief in serious threat or vulnerability and belief in an achievable strategy to minimize the threat. Signup and view all the answers

What characteristics does an effective EPPM message include?

It conveys seriousness of heart disease, personal risk, effectiveness of a healthy diet, and confidence in dietary changes. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM)

EPPM, also referred to as the fear/threat model, illustrates how emotions and rational thoughts drive behavior change regarding health risks.

Perception of Threat

Requires acknowledgment of severe health hazards and a personal susceptibility to harm.
Motivation to act correlates with the intensity of perceived threat.
Personal belief in the ability to mitigate the health risk through simple actions (e.g., screenings) enhances motivation.

Fear Appeals

Crafted messages intended to instill fear by highlighting negative outcomes if prescribed actions are ignored.

First Appraisal of Threat

Involves evaluating environmental dangers.
Takes into account perceived susceptibility (likelihood of contracting diseases like HIV) and perceived severity (seriousness of consequences associated with contraction).

Second Appraisal of Efficacy

Evaluates the effectiveness and feasibility of responses in preventing or mitigating threats.
Response efficacy assesses how well the proposed solution (e.g., condom use) works.
Self-efficacy examines the individual's confidence in executing the recommended solution.

Maladaptive Behaviors

Occur when individuals take preventive measures yet falsely believe they are no longer at risk, leading to denial (e.g., relying solely on birth control for pregnancy prevention).

Threat Appraisal

Individuals evaluate perceived threats and appropriate responses, focusing on perceived susceptibility and severity of the threat.

No Threat Perceived

Results from threat appraisal where the individual views the threat as insignificant or non-existent, leading to no motivation for further assessment or action.

Threat Perceived

Occurs when a person acknowledges the severity and susceptibility of a threat, which heightens emotional responses and motivates further appraisal.

Efficacy Appraisal

Individuals assess the viability of the recommended response to a perceived threat.
Response efficacy reflects how effectively the response can deter the threat, while self-efficacy concerns the individual's capability to enact the response.

Low Efficacy

Characterized by doubt regarding the effectiveness of the proposed response and individual capability, preventing action from being taken.

High Efficacy

When individuals believe that a suitable response will address the threat and feel capable of executing it, leading to proactive threat avoidance.

Danger/Fear Control Process

Initiated when fear is acknowledged and a recommended protective response is accepted, motivating individuals to take preventive measures.

Summary of EPPM

Likelihood of recommended actions increases when individuals perceive significant threats and believe in effective strategies for counteracting risks they can implement.

Examples of EPPM in Action

Messages promoting healthy eating to avoid heart disease should:
- Emphasize the seriousness of heart disease (high severity).
- Highlight personal vulnerability to heart disease (susceptibility).
- Present a healthy diet as an effective risk-reduction strategy (high response efficacy).
- Encourage confidence in dietary changes (high self-efficacy).

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Description

Explore the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) through these flashcards. Learn about the influence of emotional reactions and rational considerations on behavior, particularly in health-related contexts. Test your understanding of how perceived threats can motivate individuals to take action.