Epithelial Tissue Structure and Functions
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Questions and Answers

Which germ layer gives rise to the epithelial lining of the respiratory system?

  • Ectoderm
  • Mesoderm
  • Endoderm (correct)
  • All of the above

    • What is the primary function of ciliated respiratory epithelium?

  • Secretion
  • Absorption
  • Protection
  • Cleaning (correct)

    • Which type of epithelium is responsible for reducing friction in the circulatory system?

  • Endothelium (correct)
  • Ciliated epithelium
  • Mesothelium
  • Epithelium of skin

    • What is the main function of the endothelium in capillaries?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissues?

    <p>Metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the mesothelium?

    <p>Mesoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of epithelial cells?

    <p>They are avascular with very few nerve endings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between epithelial tissue and connective tissue?

    <p>They are closely associated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the blood capillaries in epithelial tissue?

    <p>They are very small and never enter the epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of epithelial tissues that are subject to pressure and traction?

    <p>They have marked intercellular adhesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of simple cuboidal epithelium?

    <p>Cuboidal shape, all sides are approximately the same size, cell limits are often well-defined</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelium is found in the lining of the luminal surface of the stomach, small and large intestine, and gall bladder?

    <p>Simple columnar epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of pseudostratified epithelium?

    <p>Composed of a single layer of irregularly shaped and sized cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelium is found in the choroid plexus in the brain?

    <p>Simple cuboidal epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of nuclei in simple cuboidal epithelium?

    <p>Round nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of pseudostratified epithelium?

    <p>It has a single layer of cells with cilia or microvilli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic shape of goblet cells due to the presence of?

    <p>abundant mucinogen granules in the apical part of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a location where pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium is found?

    <p>Trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of non-motile cilia in the upper airways?

    <p>Chronic respiratory infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelium is found in the ducts of exocrine glands?

    <p>simple cuboidal, simple columnar, or stratified cuboidal/columnar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium?

    <p>The presence of dead cells on the surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is transitional epithelium (urothelium) found?

    <p>Urinary tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of acinar glands?

    <p>pie-shaped, small lumen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of keratin in keratinized stratified squamous epithelium?

    <p>To provide a protective, water-resistant barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the secretory unit that manufactures the product in exocrine glands?

    <p>adenomere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?

    <p>exocrine glands secrete into a duct system, while endocrine glands secrete into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of tissue?

    <p>An aggregation of cells and extracellular substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many basic types of tissue are there in the body?

    <p>Four</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of epithelial tissue?

    <p>It is composed of closely aggregated cells with little extracellular substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of glandular epithelia?

    <p>To synthesize, store, and release various products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelia is found in the skin, ears, and on the tongue?

    <p>Special epithelia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three main types of epithelia?

    <p>Lining, glandular, and special epithelia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the collective of secretory units and ducts of a compound gland?

    <p>Parenchyma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are associated with salivary, mammary, and sweat glands?

    <p>Myoepithelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the interlobular duct?

    <p>To connect lobules to a lobar duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe glands that produce a watery product containing enzymes?

    <p>Serous glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the elements that comprise the stroma of a compound gland?

    <p>Connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of gland produces both mucous and serous secretion?

    <p>Mixed gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of mucous glands?

    <p>A and D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the oily secretion produced by sebaceous glands?

    <p>Sebum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the secretion produced by modified sweat glands in the skin of the external auditory canal?

    <p>Cerumen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelium is characterized by multiple layers of cells with a squamous shape on the surface?

    <p>Stratified squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of epithelium are the cells on the surface lost and composed mainly of keratin?

    <p>Stratified squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic shape of serous cells in salivary glands?

    <p>Crescent or demilune shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of merocrine secretion?

    <p>Cell remains intact, contents of small secretory granules are released</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a holocrine gland?

    <p>Sebaceous gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of apocrine secretion?

    <p>Apex bulges, some cytoplasm is lost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of sebaceous glands?

    <p>Centrally located nuclei with pale and 'foamy' cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of epithelial tissue in terms of cellular density?

    <p>High cellular density and little intercellular substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the basement membrane in epithelial tissue?

    <p>To act as a selective barrier between epithelial and connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of epithelial cells in terms of polarity?

    <p>They are innervated polarized cells with apical, lateral, and basal surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the interface between epithelial and connective tissue?

    <p>They are interfaced by an extracellular basement membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of gap junctions?

    <p>To allow communication between cells through ions and small molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelium is characterized by a single layer of flat, elongated cells?

    <p>Simple squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of junctions provide mechanical support to cells and are due to transmembrane glycoproteins?

    <p>Desmosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of E-cadherins in cell junctions?

    <p>To provide mechanical support to cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the secretory unit that manufactures the product in exocrine glands?

    <p>adenomere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of acinar glands?

    <p>pie-shaped with a small lumen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the superficial cells in the urinary bladder?

    <p>To provide an osmotic barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the stem cells located in stratified squamous keratinized epithelium?

    <p>In the basal cell layer (stratum basale)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of myoepithelial cells in exocrine glands?

    <p>to express the secretory product into the duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of exfoliative cytology?

    <p>To examine cells shed from surface tissues, mucous membranes, or found in body liquids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the criteria for classification of glandular epithelia?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of glands are found in the epithelial lining of the intestine and in the epithelial lining of the respiratory tract?

    <p>Unicellular glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of serous glands?

    <p>Cells with round nuclei, basophilic in the basal portion and acidophilic in the apical part</p> Signup and view all the answers

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