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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of epithelial tissue?
What is the main function of epithelial tissue?
- Diffusion (correct)
- Contraction
- Heat production
- Nutrient storage
How are epithelial cells nourished?
How are epithelial cells nourished?
- By diffusion from neighboring cells
- By direct blood supply
- From the underlying connective tissue (correct)
- By the lymphatic system
Where do epithelial cells attach to the basement membrane?
Where do epithelial cells attach to the basement membrane?
- Lateral surfaces
- Apical surface
- Extracellular space
- Basal surface (correct)
Which structure of the epithelial cell is directed towards the lumen and contains abundant ion channels and transport proteins?
Which structure of the epithelial cell is directed towards the lumen and contains abundant ion channels and transport proteins?
What are microvilli made of?
What are microvilli made of?
Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissue?
Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelial tissue?
What type of tissue nourishes the epithelial cells?
What type of tissue nourishes the epithelial cells?
What is the function of the basal surface of epithelial cells?
What is the function of the basal surface of epithelial cells?
Which domain of the epithelial cell contains rigid structures formed by actin filaments?
Which domain of the epithelial cell contains rigid structures formed by actin filaments?
What kind of structures are cilia and microvilli in the context of epithelial cells?
What kind of structures are cilia and microvilli in the context of epithelial cells?
What is the primary function of microvilli and cilia?
What is the primary function of microvilli and cilia?
In which part of the body are cilia primarily found?
In which part of the body are cilia primarily found?
What is the structure of cilia?
What is the structure of cilia?
What does keratin do for epithelial cells?
What does keratin do for epithelial cells?
Which type of epithelium is found in areas subjected to friction such as the skin and the lining of the oral cavity?
Which type of epithelium is found in areas subjected to friction such as the skin and the lining of the oral cavity?
What is the function of communicating junctions (Gap junctions or nexus)?
What is the function of communicating junctions (Gap junctions or nexus)?
Where is simple cuboidal epithelium found?
Where is simple cuboidal epithelium found?
What is the function of desmosomes in epithelial cells?
What is the function of desmosomes in epithelial cells?
Where does simple columnar epithelium with microvilli mainly line?
Where does simple columnar epithelium with microvilli mainly line?
Which type of epithelium is most resistant and impermeable, and where does it mainly appear?
Which type of epithelium is most resistant and impermeable, and where does it mainly appear?
Where is stratified cuboidal epithelium mainly found?
Where is stratified cuboidal epithelium mainly found?
What type of cells does pseudostratified columnar epithelium mainly contain?
What type of cells does pseudostratified columnar epithelium mainly contain?
Which type of glands originate from epithelial cells that penetrate underlying connective tissue?
Which type of glands originate from epithelial cells that penetrate underlying connective tissue?
Where do endocrine glands release their secretions?
Where do endocrine glands release their secretions?
What does the pancreas mainly secrete?
What does the pancreas mainly secrete?
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Where does pseudostratified columnar epithelium mainly appear?
Where does pseudostratified columnar epithelium mainly appear?
Which type of epithelium appears in the conjunctiva, some large gland ducts, and male urethra?
Which type of epithelium appears in the conjunctiva, some large gland ducts, and male urethra?
Where does urothelium (transitional epithelium) mainly appear?
Where does urothelium (transitional epithelium) mainly appear?
What does stratified squamous epithelium primarily cover?
What does stratified squamous epithelium primarily cover?
Which type of glands release secretion products to external environments or cavities through ducts?
Which type of glands release secretion products to external environments or cavities through ducts?
What is the function of glandular epithelia?
What is the function of glandular epithelia?
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Study Notes
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Simple columnar epithelium with microvilli: lines the digestive tract, gallbladder, and large gland ducts; increases absorption surface with microvilli
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Stratified squamous epithelium: formed by several layers of cells, only the deepest layer contacts the basement membrane; covers mouth, oropharynx, esophagus, vagina, and other internal surfaces; protected by mucous secretion
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Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium: similar to flat mucosal, but apical cells are dead and filled with keratin; most resistant and impermeable epithelium; appears mainly in epidermis of skin
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Stratified cuboidal epithelium: contains multiple layers of cuboidal cells, lines gland ducts; can be used for absorption and secretion
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Stratified columnar epithelium: basal layers are polyhedral or cuboidal, surface layer is cylindrical; appears in the conjunctiva, some large gland ducts, and male urethra
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Pseudostratified columnar epithelium: single layer of tall cells, all contact basement membrane, but not all reach lumen; contains cilia; appears mostly in respiratory tract, male reproductive system, and gland ducts
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Urothelium (transitional epithelium): appears only in urinary tract, consists of one or several layers of cells, pseudostratified appearance; basal cells are cuboidal or cylindrical, most apical cells are large and rounded; adapts to changes in organ dimensions
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Glandular epithelia: originate from epithelial cells that penetrate underlying connective tissue, manufacture secretion products; can be exocrine or endocrine
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Exocrine glands: release secretion products to external environment or cavities through ducts; can be simple, compound, branched, tubular, acinar, or alveolar; secrete mucosae, serous, or mixed secretions
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Endocrine glands: do not release secretions into a duct; secretions are hormones; can be cordal or follicular; collect secretions through capillaries
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Pancreas: exocrine gland that secretes pancreatic juices and hormones insulin and glucagon
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Thyroid: endocrine gland that produces hormones regulating metabolism and growth.
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Simple columnar epithelium with microvilli: lines the digestive tract, gallbladder, and large gland ducts; increases absorption surface with microvilli
-
Stratified squamous epithelium: formed by several layers of cells, only the deepest layer contacts the basement membrane; covers mouth, oropharynx, esophagus, vagina, and other internal surfaces; protected by mucous secretion
-
Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium: similar to flat mucosal, but apical cells are dead and filled with keratin; most resistant and impermeable epithelium; appears mainly in epidermis of skin
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Stratified cuboidal epithelium: contains multiple layers of cuboidal cells, lines gland ducts; can be used for absorption and secretion
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Stratified columnar epithelium: basal layers are polyhedral or cuboidal, surface layer is cylindrical; appears in the conjunctiva, some large gland ducts, and male urethra
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Pseudostratified columnar epithelium: single layer of tall cells, all contact basement membrane, but not all reach lumen; contains cilia; appears mostly in respiratory tract, male reproductive system, and gland ducts
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Urothelium (transitional epithelium): appears only in urinary tract, consists of one or several layers of cells, pseudostratified appearance; basal cells are cuboidal or cylindrical, most apical cells are large and rounded; adapts to changes in organ dimensions
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Glandular epithelia: originate from epithelial cells that penetrate underlying connective tissue, manufacture secretion products; can be exocrine or endocrine
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Exocrine glands: release secretion products to external environment or cavities through ducts; can be simple, compound, branched, tubular, acinar, or alveolar; secrete mucosae, serous, or mixed secretions
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Endocrine glands: do not release secretions into a duct; secretions are hormones; can be cordal or follicular; collect secretions through capillaries
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Pancreas: exocrine gland that secretes pancreatic juices and hormones insulin and glucagon
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Thyroid: endocrine gland that produces hormones regulating metabolism and growth.
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