Questions and Answers
The tissue that always has an apical and a basal surface is ________ tissue.
epithelial
Epithelial tissue _____________
is avascular
The two major types of cell layering in epithelia are
simple and stratified
Epithelia are classified and identified by ________ and ____________.
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In 'simple columnar epithelium,' which word describes cell shape and which word describes the number of cell layers?
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Identify the epithelium indicated by the arrows.
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What type of epithelial tissue is shown in the image?
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Identify the highlighted epithelial cell types.
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Identify the highlighted type of epithelial tissue.
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What type of epithelial tissue is shown in the image?
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Which epithelial type is highlighted?
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What basic tissue type is responsible for structural support of other tissues and also stores energy?
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Which statement best describes connective tissue?
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Connective tissue matrix is composed of __________
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The three basic types of protein fibers found in connective tissue are_________
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Identify the highlighted cell type.
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What type of muscle tissue is involved in voluntary movements?
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Compared to skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle _________.
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Which of the following statements is true?
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Which type of muscle tissue is found inside hollow organs, such as the stomach and intestines?
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The muscle tissue that shows no striations is ________ muscle.
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Identify the highlighted muscle.
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The action of the masseter muscle is to ________ the mandible.
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Which of these muscles is the prime mover of mastication?
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Identify the highlighted cell.
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Which muscle is highlighted?
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Identify the highlighted muscle.
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Identify the highlighted muscle.
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The ________ muscle allows you to look down.
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The ________ allows you to look up.
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Ryan hears a loud noise and quickly turns his eyes sideways in the direction of the sound. To accomplish this action he must use his ________ muscles.
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Which of the following is not an extrinsic eye muscle?
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Muscles including the term capitis would be found within or attached to the
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Muscles located close to the midline of the body may be called
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Muscles with fibers that run at an angle to the long axis of the body are called
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Each of the following terms is a descriptive term for a muscle's action except
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Muscles visible at the body surface are often called
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Muscles with fibers that run perpendicular to the long axis of the body are called
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Identify the highlighted muscle.
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The muscle that raises the corners of the mouth as when smiling is the ________ muscle.
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The muscle that compresses the cheeks when you are eating or sucking on a straw is the __________.
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The action of the masseter muscle is to ________ the mandible.
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Which of these muscles is the prime mover of mastication?
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Identify the highlighted structure.
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Identify the highlighted muscules.
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Study Notes
Epithelial Tissue
- Epithelial tissue is characterized by having both an apical (top) and a basal (bottom) surface.
- It is avascular, meaning it lacks blood vessels.
- Epithelia are classified into two major types based on cell layering: simple and stratified.
- Classification is further categorized by the number of cell layers and their general shape.
Types of Epithelial Tissue
- Simple columnar epithelium consists of a single layer of tall cells (columnar).
- Stratified squamous epithelium contains multiple layers of cells, often flat (squamous).
- Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium appears to be stratified but is actually a single layer with varying cell heights.
- Simple cuboidal epithelium comprises a single layer of cube-shaped cells.
Connective Tissue
- Connective tissue provides structural support and energy storage to other tissues.
- It typically contains a large amount of extracellular matrix.
- The matrix is composed of ground substance and protein fibers: collagen, reticular, and elastic fibers.
Muscle Tissue
- Muscle tissue consists of specialized cells for contraction.
- Three types of muscle tissue exist: skeletal (voluntary, striated), cardiac (involuntary, striated, with intercalated discs), and smooth (involuntary, non-striated).
- Skeletal muscle allows for voluntary movements, while smooth muscle helps move substances through hollow organs.
Neural Tissue
- Neural tissue transmits information across the body, relying on neurons and neuroglia.
- Neurons carry electrical impulses, composed of a cell body and axon.
- Neuroglia provides support and protection for neurons but do not conduct electrical signals.
Facial Muscles
- The frontal belly of the occipitofrontalis muscles protract the scalp, while the platysma depresses the jaw.
- Important facial muscles include the orbicularis oculi (closes the eye), zygomaticus major (raises the corners of the mouth when smiling), and buccinator (tenses the cheeks).
- Muscles visible on the body surface are often classified as superficialis.
Eye Muscles
- Extrinsic eye muscles control eye movement; for example, the superior rectus allows upward gaze while the inferior rectus allows downward gaze.
- The medial rectus muscle can be surgically adjusted to correct strabismus (crossed eyes).
Jaw and Cervical Muscles
- The masseter is the strongest muscle responsible for elevating the mandible during mastication.
- Auxiliary muscles such as temporalis assist in the movement and positioning of the jaw.
Muscle Characteristics
- Muscles with fibers running parallel to the body's long axis are described as rectus.
- Muscles with oblique fibers run at angles to the long axis.
- Names often incorporate terms that indicate location, such as "capitis" for muscles attached to the head, or "-glossus" for those associated with the tongue.
Summary of Important Terms
- Lacunae: spaces in bone where osteocytes reside.
- Chondrocytes: cells found in cartilage, within lacunae.
- Striations: visible in skeletal and cardiac muscle fibers, indicating their organized structure.
These notes provide a condensed overview of the key characteristics and functions of different tissue types, combined with specific muscle functions and classifications.
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Description
This quiz focuses on key concepts related to epithelial tissue, including its structure, classification, and types. Learn important terminology and definitions that are essential for understanding this fundamental tissue type in biology. Perfect for students studying histology or related courses.
