Questions and Answers
What is tissue?
Cells, the basic units of structure and function in the human organism, are organized into groups.
What are the functions of epithelial tissue?
Where is epithelial tissue located?
Covers body surface, covers and lines internal organs and cavities, composes glands.
What are the distinguishing characteristics of epithelial tissue?
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Does epithelial tissue have a free apical surface?
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What is the basement membrane?
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Do epithelial cells divide slowly?
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How are epithelial tissues classified?
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What are the shapes of epithelial cells?
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A simple layer has ______ layers.
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A stratified layer has ______________ layers.
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How many types of simple squamous tissue are there?
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What is best suited for diffusion and filtration?
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Where can simple squamous cells be found?
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What does Simple cuboidal epithelium consist of?
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What are the functions of simple cuboidal epithelium?
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Describe the cells of simple columnar epithelium.
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What is the role of goblet cells in simple columnar cells?
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What are the two types of simple columnar cells?
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What is pseudostratified columnar epithelium?
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How many types of stratified epithelium are there?
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How is stratified epithelium named?
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What is stratified squamous epithelium?
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What is the function of the stratified squamous layer?
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Study Notes
Epithelial Tissue Overview
- Tissue is a group of cells organized for structural and functional purposes.
- Epithelial tissue plays critical roles in protection, secretion, absorption, and excretion.
Location and Characteristics
- Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces, lines internal organs, and composes glands.
- It lacks blood vessels, enabling the tissue to readily divide and heal quickly due to tightly packed cells.
- Always has a free (apical) surface exposed to external or internal spaces.
Structural Features
- Anchored to connective tissue by a basement membrane, a nonliving layer.
- Classifications are based on cell shape (squamous, cuboidal, columnar) and the number of layers (simple or stratified).
Types of Epithelial Cells
- Squamous: Thin, flattened cells suited for diffusion and filtration; found in the lungs and lining of blood vessels.
- Cuboidal: Cube-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei; involved in secretion and absorption in kidneys and glands.
- Columnar: Elongated cells with nuclei positioned near the basement membrane; can have microvilli for increased absorption surface area.
Simple Epithelial Types
- Simple Squamous Epithelium: Composed of a single layer of flat cells, effective for diffusion and filtration; found in lungs and lining of blood vessels.
- Simple Cuboidal Epithelium: Single layer of cube-shaped cells, central nuclei; functions in secretion and absorption, located in glands and kidney tubules.
- Simple Columnar Epithelium: Single layer of elongated cells, specialized for absorption, often containing microvilli and goblet cells that secrete mucus; two types include nonciliated and ciliated.
Stratified Epithelial Types
- Stratified epithelium contains multiple cell layers, providing thicker tissue; cells divide in deeper layers pushing older cells outward to flatten.
- Classified as stratified squamous, stratified cuboidal, and stratified columnar; names reflect the shape of the outer layer.
Functions and Specialized Features
- Goblet Cells: Present in simple columnar epithelium, secrete mucus for protection.
- Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium: Appears layered due to varying nucleus positions; contains cilia that sweep debris, commonly found in respiratory tubes.
Key Points on Layering
- Simple layer consists of one layer of cells; stratified has more than one layer.
- Simple squamous tissue is the most efficient for diffusion and filtration processes.
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Description
Test your knowledge on epithelial tissue with these flashcards. This quiz covers key definitions, functions, and locations of epithelial cells, providing a comprehensive review of Chapter 5.2. Perfect for students studying anatomy and physiology.