Epithelial and Connective Tissue Quiz

<p>Covering/lining epithelia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Basement membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Connective tissue supports and protects other tissues. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collagen III fibers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contractile cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows for higher resolution by using a secondary laser to repress fluorescent molecules. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It modulates the density and fluidity of the membrane. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their hydrophobic tails and polar heads form a bilayer. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electron microscopy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They provide recognition and signaling functions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Confocal microscope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It has a maximum magnification limit of 0.2 microns. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To engulf bacteria or other particles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pinocytosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ligand binding to the receptors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It coats vesicles and aids in their formation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increase of new membrane containing receptors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It activates endocytosis of the complex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They exclusively transport ligands inside the cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is specific for certain ligands through binding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrophobic molecules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They facilitate passive diffusion of specific molecules. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a sugar layer surrounding the membrane. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It maintains the ion gradient by transporting Na out and K in. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They stabilize the membrane. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Active transport requires energy to move molecules against their gradient. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They form a gel-like structure due to water interaction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$CO_2$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It creates larger crystals, which can obscure tissue detail. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eosin stain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structure that is best stained with alkaline dyes, highlighting DNA. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To delineate carbohydrates and certain mucins. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>For analyzing blood and bone marrow cells. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It combines small waves of light into a stronger wave when in phase. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They bind to antigens at specific regions called epitopes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is rich in DNA and is best stained with basic dyes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To facilitate communication and transport of substances between cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microtubules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Centriole (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intense signaling that captures various cellular signals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microfilaments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Myosin pulls on actin microfilaments to generate tension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Smaller vesicles, each containing specific content (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microtubules are hollow tubes made of tubulin, microfilaments are solid fibers made of actin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A type of microscopy that uses the principle of light wave interference to visualize unstained cells.

A staining technique that uses hematoxylin and eosin to highlight cell structures. Nuclei stain blue due to DNA's affinity for hematoxylin, while cytoplasm typically stains pink/red due to eosin.

A type of staining technique that highlights carbohydrates, such as glycogen and glycoproteins, with a magenta color.

A staining technique specifically used for examining blood and bone marrow cells.

The process of treating tissue samples to allow them to be cut into thin sections for microscopic examination.

A substance that binds to specific structures or substances within cells, making them visible under a microscope.

The specific region on an antigen molecule that an antibody binds to

The region on an antibody molecule that binds to an epitope.

A type of microscope that focuses on one specific slice of the sample by using a filter with a hole that allows only one specific light to pass through.

A microscope that allows for the observation of 3D non-transparent objects. The light source comes from the top and illuminates the sample.

A microscopy technique that uses lasers to excite fluorescent molecules randomly in a sample. Then, the excited dots are captured and used to reconstruct a high-resolution image.

A microscopy technique that uses two lasers to excite fluorescent molecules. The first laser excites, while the second laser de-excites the molecule, creating a restricted fluorescent area resulting in higher resolution.

A type of microscopy that uses a beam of electrons instead of light to view samples.

A type of electron microscopy where electrons pass through a thin section of the sample and create an image. The image is formed using magnetic lenses to bend the electrons.

A type of electron microscopy that uses electrons to scan the surface of the sample. The reflected electrons are captured to create a 3D image.

The basic unit of life in all living organisms.

A thin, flexible layer that surrounds all living cells. Controls what enters and exits the cell, helping to maintain its internal environment.

Sugar chains attached to lipids and proteins in the cell membrane. They help with cell recognition and signaling.

Specialized regions in the cell membrane enriched with cholesterol and sphingolipids. They are more stable than the rest of the membrane.

A layer of sugar molecules that surrounds the cell membrane. It helps with cell recognition, signal transduction, and protection.

Large molecules composed of glycosaminoglycans linked to proteins. They attract water and form a gel-like substance.

A type of glycosaminoglycan that attracts water and creates volume. It forms a jelly-like layer around cells.

The movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration. No energy required.

The movement of molecules across a membrane through protein channels. No energy required.

A process where the cell membrane engulfs extracellular material, forming a vesicle that brings it into the cell.

A type of endocytosis where the cell engulfs large particles, such as bacteria, into a vesicle called a phagosome.

A type of endocytosis where the cell engulfs small droplets of fluid, like a tiny sip.

A highly specific type of endocytosis where receptors on the cell surface bind to specific ligands, triggering the formation of a vesicle.

A process where a vesicle fuses with the cell membrane, releasing its contents outside the cell.

Vesicles coated with proteins, like clathrin, that help with their function.

A type of coated vesicle, known for its clathrin coat that resembles a canister.

The process where a ligand binds to its receptor on the cell surface, activating endocytosis of the complex. This triggers the formation of a vesicle, which can continue signaling pathways inside the cell.

Tiny vesicles released by cells, containing a diverse mix of molecules like nucleic acids, ligands, and amino acids.

The jelly-like substance inside a cell's membrane, containing water and proteins.

A network of filaments and tubules inside the cell, providing structural support, aiding movement, and facilitating cell division.

Hollow tubes made of tubulin, involved in cell shape, transport, and division.

A structure formed by two centrioles arranged perpendicularly to each other, serving as the organizing center for microtubules.

A finger-like projection from the cell membrane, built from microtubules, involved in cell signaling.

Thin filaments formed by actin, involved in cell shape, movement, and muscle contraction.

Structures formed by proteins that anchor microfilaments to the extracellular environment, allowing cells to sense their surroundings and move.

The four primary tissue types make up all the organs in our body.

Epithelial tissue is a sheet of closely packed cells forming a lining on the surface or body cavities. It functions in covering, lining, and secretion.

Connective tissue is a specialized type of tissue that provides support and protection to organs. It contains cells scattered within an abundance of extracellular matrix.

Muscular tissue is made of contractile cells, enabling body movement. It contains a moderate amount of extracellular matrix.

Nervous tissue is composed of elongated cells and a small amount of matrix. It transmits nerve impulses throughout the body.

Covering/lining epithelia form layers on surfaces and can act as a barrier, but also protect and absorb, like in the skin.

Secretory/glandular epithelia form glands that produce and secrete substances, like hormones or digestive fluids.

The basement membrane is a thin, specialized structure that attaches epithelial tissue to the underlying connective tissue. It acts as a barrier and provides structural support. There are three domains: apical, lateral and basal.