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Questions and Answers
What initiates the generation of an action potential in a neuron?
What initiates the generation of an action potential in a neuron?
Which of the following is a common treatment for epilepsy?
Which of the following is a common treatment for epilepsy?
What role does calcium play at the axon terminal of a neuron?
What role does calcium play at the axon terminal of a neuron?
Which of the following is NOT a cause of seizures?
Which of the following is NOT a cause of seizures?
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Which medication is included among the Anti-Epileptic Drugs mentioned?
Which medication is included among the Anti-Epileptic Drugs mentioned?
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What are common gastrointestinal adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs?
What are common gastrointestinal adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs?
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Which drug-related issue is associated with oral health in children with epilepsy?
Which drug-related issue is associated with oral health in children with epilepsy?
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What is a significant concern when managing dental care for epileptic children?
What is a significant concern when managing dental care for epileptic children?
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Which group conducted a study on the oral health considerations for epileptic children?
Which group conducted a study on the oral health considerations for epileptic children?
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What is the primary medical cause of seizures highlighted in the literature?
What is the primary medical cause of seizures highlighted in the literature?
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What is a potential side effect of medication that may influence dental treatments?
What is a potential side effect of medication that may influence dental treatments?
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Which condition may require modifications in dental treatment due to its impact on healing?
Which condition may require modifications in dental treatment due to its impact on healing?
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What is the recommended chairside positioning for patients experiencing a medical emergency during a dental appointment?
What is the recommended chairside positioning for patients experiencing a medical emergency during a dental appointment?
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What consideration should be taken into account for enhancing the appointment environment?
What consideration should be taken into account for enhancing the appointment environment?
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Why is it important to use aspiration techniques during local anaesthesia?
Why is it important to use aspiration techniques during local anaesthesia?
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Which dental condition is most likely to be a contraindication for certain medications?
Which dental condition is most likely to be a contraindication for certain medications?
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In what situation would continuous monitoring be essential during a dental procedure?
In what situation would continuous monitoring be essential during a dental procedure?
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What is a common dental treatment challenge faced by patients with acid reflux?
What is a common dental treatment challenge faced by patients with acid reflux?
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Study Notes
Epilepsy Mechanism
- Neuron depolarization begins with sodium ion influx, creating an action potential.
- Action potentials trigger calcium influx at axon terminals.
- Calcium influx causes neurotransmitter release into synapses.
- Neurotransmitters bind to receptors, initiating new action potentials.
Epilepsy Causes
- Genetic predisposition is a factor in inherited conditions.
- Structural brain abnormalities like tumors or scars can cause seizures.
- Other triggers include strokes, infections (e.g., meningitis), and head injuries.
- Metabolic imbalances such as hypoglycemia and electrolyte imbalances can also cause seizures.
Epilepsy: Common and Serious Neurological Condition
- Epilepsy is a common and serious neurological condition.
- It causes frequent seizures.
Epilepsy Treatment
- Anti-epileptic drugs like benzodiazepines are common treatments.
- These drugs quickly enter the bloodstream and prevent seizures.
- Common examples include Lorazepam, Diazepam, and Clorazepam.
Dental Implications of Epilepsy
- Oral trauma is possible during seizures, causing soft tissue damage, attrition, TMJ problems, and broken or knocked-out teeth.
- Medication side effects like xerostomia (dry mouth), gingival hyperplasia (excessive gum tissue), and acid reflux can affect oral health.
- Patient susceptibility to oral problems can exist due to poor oral hygiene, periodontal disease, and tooth decay.
Dental Treatment Modifications for Epilepsy Patients
- Pre-appointment medical history and medication review is crucial.
- Treatment scheduling should consider seizure potential.
- Chairside positioning, sharp instrument use, and mouth prop considerations should be considered.
- Continuous monitoring, including a seizure response plan, is essential.
- Quiet, low-stress environments and shorter appointments are preferred.
- A medical emergency plan, including medication and post-seizure care, must be available.
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