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Questions and Answers
What characterizes a seizure in the context of epilepsy?
What characterizes a seizure in the context of epilepsy?
- A sudden rush of abnormal electrical activity in the brain. (correct)
- An interruption of voluntary muscle control.
- A brief disruption of normal sensory perception.
- A sudden loss of consciousness.
How is epilepsy diagnosed according to the criteria established for the condition?
How is epilepsy diagnosed according to the criteria established for the condition?
- When a patient experiences one seizure with a known cause.
- After a single seizure observed in a controlled environment.
- When two or more seizures occur without any identifiable cause. (correct)
- Upon the identification of a genetic mutation associated with seizures.
Which of the following is true regarding the nature of seizures in epilepsy?
Which of the following is true regarding the nature of seizures in epilepsy?
- Seizures are unprovoked and can occur without warning. (correct)
- Seizures are strictly limited to specific times of the day.
- Seizures in epilepsy are always triggered by external factors.
- People with epilepsy only experience seizures under stress.
What distinguishes epilepsy from other seizure-related conditions?
What distinguishes epilepsy from other seizure-related conditions?
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In the context of seizure activity, which statement is correct regarding its occurrence in the brain?
In the context of seizure activity, which statement is correct regarding its occurrence in the brain?
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Study Notes
Epilepsy
- A neurological condition causing unprovoked, recurrent seizures.
- Defined by two or more seizures with no other identifiable cause.
Seizures
- Sudden rushes of abnormal electrical activity in the brain.
Types of Seizures
- Generalized seizures: Affect the whole brain.
- Focal seizures: Affect only one part of the brain.
Focal Aware Seizures
- Do not involve loss of consciousness.
- Symptoms:
- Alterations to senses (taste, smell, sight, hearing, touch)
- Dizziness
- Tingling and twitching of limbs
Generalized Seizures
- Subtypes:
- Absence seizures: Brief loss of awareness, blank stare, repetitive movements (lip smacking, blinking).
- Tonic seizures: Sudden muscle stiffness in legs, arms, or torso.
Focal Unaware Seizures
- Involve a loss of awareness or consciousness.
- Symptoms:
- Staring blankly
- Unresponsiveness
- Repetitive movements
Tonic-clonic Seizures
- Symptoms:
- Stiffening of the body
- Shaking
- Loss of bladder or bowel control
- Biting of the tongue
- Loss of consciousness
Atonic Seizures
- Loss of muscle control.
- "Drop seizures" due to sudden loss of muscle strength causing falls.
Clonic Seizures
- Repeated and jerky muscle movements.
- Typically affect the face, neck, and arms.
Myoclonic Seizures
- Spontaneous, quick twitching of arms and legs.
- Occur in clusters.
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