30 Questions
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs)?
Primarily affect affluent communities
What is the primary mode of infection for Schistosomiasis?
Consumption of contaminated food or water
Which environmental conditions are often related to the complex epidemiology of Neglected Tropical Diseases?
Tropical areas with poor sanitation
What is the causative agent of River blindness?
Onchocerca volvulus
Which neglected tropical disease is associated with the parasitic worms Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris lumbricoides?
Trichuriasis
How are many neglected tropical diseases preventable?
Through vector control and improved water quality
Which parasite causes lymphatic filariasis?
Wucheria bancrofti
What is the typical vector for Brugia spp. filariasis?
Mosquito species in the genera Mansonia and Aedes
How is lymphatic filariasis diagnosed?
Identification of microfilariae in a blood smear by microscopy
Which region has the highest prevalence of onchocerciasis?
Sub-Saharan Africa
What is the most serious manifestation of onchocerciasis?
Blindness
What is the causative agent of schistosomiasis?
Schistosoma mansoni
How is schistosomiasis diagnosed?
Detection of parasite eggs in stool or urine specimens
'Elephantiasis' is commonly associated with which disease?
Lymphatic filariasis
Which parasite is responsible for river blindness?
Onchocerca volvulus
What is the primary method for diagnosing onchoceriasis?
Skin snip – a 1 to 2 mg shaving or biopsy of the skin is done to identify larvae, which emerge from the skin snip and can be seen under a microscope when put in physiologic solutions (e.g. normal saline). Typically six snips are taken from different areas of the body.
What are the symptoms associated with lymphatic filariasis?
Severe lymphedema of the limbs and occasionally genitalia (hydrocele)
Which method is used for prevention and control of lymphatic filariasis?
Annual treatment of whole communities with combinations of drugs that kill the microfilariae.
What is the core strategy to eliminate onchocerciasis in Africa?
Community-directed treatment with ivermectin
Which country has been verified by WHO as free of onchocerciasis after implementing elimination activities for decades?
Ecuador
What is the primary method for diagnosing onchocerciasis?
Slit-lamp examination
What are the symptoms associated with lymphatic filariasis?
Swelling of the arms, legs, and scrotum
What is the estimated number of people worldwide infected with soil-transmitted helminth infections?
1.2 billion
Which neglected tropical disease is associated with Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris lumbricoides?
Trichuriasis
What is the primary mode of infection for Schistosomiasis?
Skin penetration by larvae in contaminated water
What is the causative agent of river blindness?
Onchocerca volvulus
'Elephantiasis' is commonly associated with which disease?
Lymphatic filariasis
'Migrating adult worms may cause symptomatic occlusion of the biliary tract' is a characteristic of which neglected tropical disease?
Ascariasis
What is the primary vector for Brugia spp. filariasis?
Mosquitoes
What is the typical vector for leishmaniasis?
Sandflies
Explore the epidemiology and surveillance of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in impoverished communities in tropical areas, affecting one billion people across 149 countries. Understand the health, social, and economic burden of NTDs, their disproportionate impact on women and children, and the complex nature of their epidemiology.
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