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Epidemiology Basics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the study of how often diseases occur in different groups of people and why?

Basic reproduction number

Morbidity

Pathogen definitions

Epidemiology (correct)

Which type of disease occurs with a frequency in excess of what is expected?

Endemic

Mortality

Pandemic

Epidemic (correct)

What is the number of new cases that occur in a population where there may be both susceptible and immune people present?

Pathogenicity

Basic reproduction number

Incidence

Effective reproduction number (correct)

What is the absolute ability of an infectious agent to cause damage?

Pathogenicity Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate of new cases of disease?

Incidence Signup and view all the answers

What type of disease is caused by a pathogen transmitted from a source to a susceptible host through direct or indirect contact with the source?

Infectious disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between virulence and pathogenicity?

Virulence measures the severity of a disease, while pathogenicity measures the ability of a microorganism to cause disease Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes communicable diseases from contagious diseases?

Communicable diseases can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact, while contagious diseases are the quickest and easiest to spread Signup and view all the answers

What defines an endemic disease?

The habitual presence of a disease within a specific geographical area Signup and view all the answers

When does an epidemic occur?

When the frequency of a disease exceeds what is expected due to changes in the equilibrium of population, agent, and environment Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a pandemic?

A worldwide epidemic affecting an exceptionally high proportion of the global population Signup and view all the answers

How is the speed of transmission of an infection measured?

By using the attack rate (β) Signup and view all the answers

What does the reproductive number (R) measure?

The average number of secondary cases produced by cases during their infectious periods Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes an emerging infectious disease?

Caused by a pathogen newly recognized as causing disease in humans Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes re-emerging infectious diseases?

Already known to affect humans but has expanded its potential range Signup and view all the answers

What does breaking some links in the chain of infection aim to achieve?

Stopping transmission of the infection by targeting various points along its spread from source to susceptible host Signup and view all the answers