30 Questions
What is the primary role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?
To catalyze biochemical reactions
What is the result of phosphorylation of an enzyme by a protein kinase?
Activation of the enzyme
What is the characteristic of a reversible inhibitor?
It is similar in structure to the substrate or product
What is the purpose of binding interactions between an enzyme and its substrate?
To hold the substrate sufficiently long for the reaction to occur
What is the effect of increasing substrate concentration on a reversible inhibitor?
It reverses the inhibition of the enzyme
What is the result of designing molecules with stronger binding interactions to an enzyme?
Inhibition of the enzyme
What is the primary role of enzymes in the body?
To act as the body's catalysts
What is the effect of an enzyme on the activation energy of a reaction?
It decreases the activation energy
What is the role of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the reaction shown?
It acts as a catalyst
What is the significance of enzymes in metabolism and disease?
They play a crucial role in both metabolic pathways and can be used as biomarkers of organ injury
What is the effect of an enzyme on the overall free energy change (ΔG) of a reaction?
It has no effect on ΔG
What is the term for the molecules that bind to enzymes and increase their activity?
Cofactors
What is the primary function of enzymes in biochemical reactions?
To catalyse biochemical reactions
What is the role of the oxyanion hole in the catalysis mechanism of chymotrypsin?
To lower the activation energy of the reaction
What is the outcome of designing molecules with stronger binding interactions with an enzyme?
Enzyme inhibition
What is the purpose of the binding interactions between the enzyme and substrate?
To hold the substrate sufficiently long for the reaction to occur
What is the role of enzymes in metabolism and disease?
To play a crucial role in metabolism and can be used as biomarkers of injury to specific organs
What is the outcome of enzyme catalysis?
Formation of product
What is the primary function of an enzyme's active site?
To bind reactants and position them correctly
What occurs during the induced fit process of substrate binding?
The shape of the enzyme changes to fit the substrate
What type of bond is formed between the functional groups in the substrate and the active site during substrate binding?
Intermolecular bond
What is the role of the enzyme in a biochemical reaction?
To catalyse the reaction
What is the result of the enzyme's catalytic mechanism?
The reaction rate is increased
What is the purpose of the enzyme's active site in terms of reactant binding?
To position reactants correctly for reaction
What is the role of histidine in the catalytic mechanism of chymotrypsin?
Acting as an acid/base catalyst
What is the role of aspartate in the catalytic mechanism of chymotrypsin?
Orientating histidine for catalysis
What is the function of serine in the catalytic mechanism of chymotrypsin?
Acting as a nucleophile
What is the outcome of the catalytic mechanism of chymotrypsin?
Hydrolysis of a peptide bond
What is the functional significance of the catalytic triad in chymotrypsin?
Improving catalytic efficiency
What is the biochemical significance of chymotrypsin?
Digestion of proteins in the small intestine
Test your knowledge of enzymes, their catalytic mechanism, kinetics of enzyme reactions, and their role in metabolism and disease. Learn how enzymes can be used as biomarkers of injury to specific organs.
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