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Enzymes and Their Functions in Biochemistry

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Enzymes and Their Functions in Biochemistry

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of enzymes in biological systems?

To provide structural support and shape to cells

To transport molecules across cell membranes

To store genetic information and transmit it to offspring

To accelerate chemical reactions by lowering activation energy (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a function of enzymes?

Transporting oxygen throughout the bloodstream (correct)

Generating energy in the body

Reorganizing the internal structure of the cell

Breaking down large molecules into smaller ones

What is the name of the enzyme involved in the synthesis of energy (ATP) in the body?

Hydrolase

Ligase

ATP synthase (correct)

Protein kinase

Enzymes are categorized as which type of molecule?

Proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of a biochemical reaction catalyzed by enzymes?

Photosynthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the specific molecule that an enzyme binds to and acts upon?

Substrate Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding enzymes?

Enzymes increase the rate of chemical reactions by lowering activation energy Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is involved in the process of signal transduction?

Protein kinase Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Enzymes

Enzymes are protein catalysts that increase the velocity of a chemical reaction without being consumed during the reaction.

Functions of Enzymes

Enzymes help in signal transduction by catalyzing the phosphorylation of proteins, often involving protein kinase.
They break down large molecules into smaller substances that can be easily absorbed by the body.
Enzymes generate energy in the body, with ATP synthase being the enzyme involved in the synthesis of energy.
They are responsible for the movement of ions across the plasma membrane.
Enzymes perform various biochemical reactions, including oxidation, reduction, and hydrolysis, to eliminate non-nutritive substances from the body.
They reorganize the internal structure of the cell to regulate cellular activities.

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Description

Learn about enzymes, protein catalysts that increase chemical reactions, and explore their roles in signal transduction and phosphorylation of proteins.