Enzymes and Substrates: Biological Catalysts Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of enzymes in reducing activation energy?

  • Increasing the overall energy of the reaction
  • Inducing changes in the Gibbs free energy of the reaction
  • Facilitating collisions and binding of substrates (correct)
  • Decreasing the specificity of the active site
  • How do enzymes achieve specificity in binding to substrates?

  • By increasing the size of the active site
  • By altering the pH of the active site
  • By reducing the reactivity of amino acid side chains
  • By using precise 3-D shapes of the active site (correct)
  • What is the function of cofactors and coenzymes in enzyme action?

  • Acting as substrates for the enzyme
  • Reducing the enzyme's specificity
  • Increasing the enzyme's stability
  • Aiding in catalyzing reactions (correct)
  • What is the main role of prosthetic groups in enzyme function?

    <p>Permanently binding and aiding in catalysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do enzymes alter environments to promote catalysis?

    <p>By utilizing amino acid side chains to enhance reactivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of reversible inhibition involving covalent bonding?

    <p>Irreversible inhibition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the regulation of a pathway by one of the products on this pathway known as?

    <p>Feedback inhibition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of molecule binds to the allosteric site of an enzyme and keeps the enzyme active or causes an increase in its activity?

    <p>Activator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the rate of reaction as temperature increases above the optimal range for enzyme function?

    <p>The enzyme begins to denature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the rate of reaction as substrate concentration increases up to saturation levels?

    <p>The rate of reaction remains constant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In redox reactions, which element typically undergoes reduction?

    <p>The more electronegative element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary pair of agents involved in cellular processes, with one form being the reduced form and the other being the oxidized form?

    <p>Coenzyme NADH and NAD+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction involves products containing more energy than the reactants and is considered non-spontaneous?

    <p>Endergonic reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does oxidation involve in a redox reaction?

    <p>The loss of electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of dehydrogenase enzymes in cellular processes?

    <p>Oxidizing a substrate and transferring hydrogen ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the rate of reaction as substrate concentration increases up to saturation levels?

    <p>It increases but then plateaus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do redox reactions involve in terms of energy transfer?

    <p>Releasing stored potential energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the transfer of electrons from one substance to another known as in a redox reaction?

    <p>Oxidation-reduction reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oxidized form of coenzyme NADH?

    <p>NAD+</p> Signup and view all the answers

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