Enzyme Classification Quiz

Study Notes

Enzyme Classification

Six categories classify enzymes based on their catalytic activity.
Categories include: Oxidoreductases, Transferases, Hydrolases, Lyases, Isomerases, and Ligases.

Oxidoreductases

Catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions by transferring electrons or hydrogen ions.
Essential for cellular respiration and photosynthesis processes.

Transferases

Mediate the transfer of functional groups from one molecule to another.
Play key roles in metabolic pathways, such as amino acid and nucleotide metabolism.

Lyases

Facilitate the addition of functional groups to double bonds or the formation of double bonds by removing functional groups.
Important in various biosynthetic pathways and anabolic reactions.

Synthase

A subset of lyases known for catalyzing the addition of a substrate to a double bond in another substrate.
Example includes ATP synthase, vital for ATP production during cellular respiration.

Isomerases

Catalyze intramolecular group transfers to produce isomers.
Crucial for metabolic pathways requiring rearrangement of molecules, such as glucose metabolism.

Ligases (Synthetases)

Catalyze condensation reactions while hydrolyzing high-energy molecules.
Often involved in the synthesis of complex biomolecules like nucleic acids and proteins.

Kinases

Enzymes that add phosphate groups to molecules, a process known as phosphorylation.
Critical in signaling pathways and energy transfer processes in cells.

Phosphatases

Enzymes responsible for removing phosphate groups from molecules, termed dephosphorylation.
Play essential roles in regulating cellular functions and signaling pathways.

Description

Test your knowledge on enzyme classification and their catalytic activities. This quiz covers six main categories of enzymes, including oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases, and ligases. Understand their roles in metabolic processes and cellular functions.