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Questions and Answers
What is the function of cofactors in relation to enzymes?
What is the function of cofactors in relation to enzymes?
- They help the enzyme perform its function. (correct)
- They permanently alter the enzyme structure.
- They provide substrates for the reaction.
- They prevent substrate binding.
Which term describes the state of an enzyme when it is not bound to a cofactor?
Which term describes the state of an enzyme when it is not bound to a cofactor?
- Cofactor
- Holoenzyme
- Substrate
- Apoenzyme (correct)
What characteristic of enzymes allows them to bind specific substrates effectively?
What characteristic of enzymes allows them to bind specific substrates effectively?
- They only function at low temperatures.
- They contain a binding site that can accommodate various substrates.
- They have an induced fit mechanism that allows slight changes for better binding. (correct)
- They can change their structure permanently.
Which of the following types of enzymes cleave phosphate groups from substrate molecules?
Which of the following types of enzymes cleave phosphate groups from substrate molecules?
How do ribozymes differ from regular enzymes?
How do ribozymes differ from regular enzymes?
Flashcards
Enzymes
Enzymes
Biological catalysts that speed up reactions but don't change the equilibrium, direction, or spontaneity of the reactions.
Active Site
Active Site
The specific region on an enzyme where the substrate binds.
Ribozyme
Ribozyme
A non-protein enzyme made of RNA.
Cofactors
Cofactors
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Kinase
Kinase
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Study Notes
Enzymes
- Catalysts increase reaction rate but don't affect equilibrium or spontaneity
- Enzymes are biological catalysts, often proteins
- Enzymes have active sites that bind specific substrates, increasing reaction speed
- Active sites exhibit induced fit—they change shape to accommodate substrates
- Ribozymes are non-protein enzymes, made of RNA
- Cofactors are molecules that bind enzymes and help them function
- Holoenzyme: enzyme bound to its cofactor
- Apoenzyme: enzyme without a cofactor
- Enzymes catalyze reactions in diverse ways, including substrate proximity, acid/base, and electrostatic interactions
- Phosphatases remove phosphate groups from substrates
- Phosphorylases add phosphates to substrates
- Kinases transfer phosphates from ATP to substrates.
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