SAS UNIT 1 REVIEW
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Questions and Answers

¿Qué valor intrínseco atribuyen las visiones ecocéntricas a la naturaleza?

El valor intrínseco es el valor que la naturaleza tiene simplemente por existir.

¿Cuál es la principal diferencia entre un sistema abierto y un sistema cerrado?

Un sistema abierto intercambia materia y energía con el entorno, mientras que un sistema cerrado solo intercambia energía.

Define la Huella Ecológica.

La Huella Ecológica mide la demanda humana sobre la naturaleza.

¿Qué caracteriza a una fuente puntual de contaminación?

<p>Una fuente puntual es una fuente única e identificable de contaminación.</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué implica la Primera Ley de la Termodinámica?

<p>La Primera Ley indica que la energía no se crea ni se destruye, solo se transforma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Cuál es el enfoque de la estrategia de prevención en la gestión de la contaminación?

<p>La estrategia de prevención busca evitar la creación de contaminación desde un inicio.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe brevemente qué es la Huella de Carbono.

<p>La Huella de Carbono cuantifica las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero generadas por actividades humanas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué diferencia hay entre un contaminante persistente y uno biodegradable?

<p>Un contaminante persistente permanece en el medio ambiente durante largos periodos, mientras que un biodegradable puede descomponerse naturalmente.</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Cómo se define un sistema aislado y qué características lo diferencian de los otros tipos de sistemas?

<p>Un sistema aislado no intercambia materia ni energía con el entorno, a diferencia de los sistemas abiertos y cerrados que sí lo hacen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué valor atribuyen las visiones antropocéntricas a la naturaleza y cómo se traduce esto en su relación con el medio ambiente?

<p>Las visiones antropocéntricas atribuyen un valor instrumental a la naturaleza, considerándola un recurso útil para los seres humanos.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explica brevemente la Segunda Ley de la Termodinámica y su significado en los sistemas ambientales.

<p>La Segunda Ley de la Termodinámica establece que parte de la energía se pierde en forma de calor durante las transformaciones, lo que implica que la eficiencia energética nunca es del 100%.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Diferencia entre la huella hídrica y la huella de carbono, mencionando cómo cada una contribuye a medir el impacto humano en el medio ambiente.

<p>La huella hídrica evalúa el consumo de agua dulce y su contaminación, mientras que la huella de carbono cuantifica las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define los sistemas ecocéntricos, y qué tipo de valor intrínseco atribuyen a la naturaleza.

<p>Los sistemas ecocéntricos consideran la naturaleza como lo más importante y atribuyen a la naturaleza un valor intrínseco, simplemente por existir.</p> Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué caracteriza a una fuente difusa de contaminación y cómo se relaciona con la gestión ambiental?

<p>Una fuente difusa de contaminación proviene de múltiples y variadas fuentes que no son fácilmente identificables, complicando su gestión.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe la estrategia de mitigación en la gestión de la contaminación y su importancia.

<p>La estrategia de mitigación busca reducir la contaminación después de su creación pero antes de su liberación al medio ambiente.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Comenta sobre la relación que existe entre sostenibilidad y las generaciones futuras en el contexto ambiental.

<p>La sostenibilidad implica satisfacer las necesidades presentes sin comprometer la capacidad de las generaciones futuras para satisfacer las suyas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Environmental Value Systems (EVS)

  • Different perspectives on human interaction with nature.
  • Three main types:
    • Ecocentric: Nature is the most important.
    • Anthropocentric: Humans are the most important, and nature is a resource.
    • Technocentric: Technology can solve all environmental problems.
  • Different perspectives on the value of nature:
    • Ecocentric: Intrinsic value (value simply for existing).
    • Anthropocentric: Instrumental value (value based on usefulness to humans).
    • Technocentric: Potential value.

Systems

  • Components of a system:
    • Storage: Reservoirs where matter or energy is stored.
    • Flows: Movement of matter or energy between storages.
    • Inputs: Matter or energy entering the system from outside.
    • Outputs: Matter or energy leaving the system.
  • Types of systems:
    • Open: Exchange matter and energy with the environment.
    • Closed: Exchange energy but not matter with the environment.
    • Isolated: Do not exchange matter or energy with the environment.
  • Laws of thermodynamics:
    • First law: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
    • Second law: In any energy transformation, some energy is lost as heat.

Sustainability

  • Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Environmental Indicators

  • Ecological footprint: Measures human demand on nature.
  • Carbon footprint: Quantifies greenhouse gas emissions.
  • Water footprint: Evaluates freshwater consumption and pollution.

Pollution

  • Types of pollution:
    • By source:
      • Point source: A single identifiable source.
      • Diffuse source: Spread out sources.
    • By persistence:
      • Persistent: Remains in the environment for long periods.
      • Biodegradable: Can be broken down by natural processes.
    • By origin:
      • Primary: Emitted directly from a source.
      • Secondary: Formed by reactions in the environment.

Pollution Management Strategies

  • Prevention: Avoiding pollution creation.
  • Mitigation: Reducing pollution after creation, but before release.
  • Remediation: Cleaning up pollution after release.

Systems of Environmental Value (SEV)

  • SEVs are different ways people understand their relationship with nature.
  • There are three main types of SEVs:
    • Ecocentric: Nature is the most important thing, possessing intrinsic value.
    • Anthropocentric: Humans are the most important, and nature is seen as a resource, possessing instrumental value.
    • Technocentric: Technology can solve any environmental problem, often considering potential value (e.g., future technology solutions).

Systems

  • Systems have key components:

    • Storage: Reservoirs holding matter or energy.
    • Flows: Movement of matter or energy between storages.
    • Inputs: Matter or energy entering the system from outside.
    • Outputs: Matter or energy leaving the system.

  • There are 3 types of systems:

    • Open Systems: Exchange both matter and energy with the environment.
    • Closed Systems: Exchange energy but not matter with the environment.
    • Isolated Systems: Do not exchange matter or energy with the environment.

  • The laws of thermodynamics govern energy transformations within systems:

    • First Law: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
    • Second Law: In any transformation of energy, some energy is lost as heat.

Sustainability

  • Sustainable practices meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Environmental Indicators

  • Ecological Footprint: Measures human demand on nature.
  • Carbon Footprint: Quantifies greenhouse gas emissions.
  • Water Footprint: Evaluates the consumption of freshwater and its contamination.

Pollution

  • Pollution can be categorized by different criteria:
    • Source:
      • Point source: Unique and identifiable source of pollution (e.g., factory discharge pipe).
      • Diffuse source: Scattered and widespread sources (e.g., agricultural runoff).
    • Persistence:
      • Persistent pollution: Remains in the environment for long periods (e.g., heavy metals).
      • Biodegradable pollution: Can be broken down naturally (e.g., organic waste).
    • Origin:
      • Primary pollution: Emitted directly from a source (e.g., smoke stacks).
      • Secondary pollution: Created through reactions in the environment (e.g., smog).

Pollution Management Strategies

  • Prevention: Avoid pollution generation in the first place.
  • Mitigation: Reduce pollution after it is created, but before it is released.
  • Remediation: Clean up pollution after it has been released into the environment.

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Description

This quiz explores different Environmental Value Systems (EVS) and their perspectives on human interaction with nature. It covers three main types: Ecocentric, Anthropocentric, and Technocentric, along with the components of systems and their classifications. Test your understanding of these concepts and how they influence our relationship with the environment.

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