Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the expected effect of fertilizer on the growth of crop plants in the field and plants in the lake?
What is the expected effect of fertilizer on the growth of crop plants in the field and plants in the lake?
Which change could explain the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere?
Which change could explain the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere?
What human activity can lead to eutrophication of lakes?
What human activity can lead to eutrophication of lakes?
What is a possible consequence of using insecticides in low concentrations?
What is a possible consequence of using insecticides in low concentrations?
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Which pollutant is most likely to cause mutations?
Which pollutant is most likely to cause mutations?
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Which of the following animals lives in the most polluted water?
Which of the following animals lives in the most polluted water?
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What describes the oxygen concentration and the number of bacteria between the point at which sewage is added and point P?
What describes the oxygen concentration and the number of bacteria between the point at which sewage is added and point P?
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Which organism is least likely to thrive in clean water?
Which organism is least likely to thrive in clean water?
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What is the likely effect of increased pollutants on aquatic biodiversity?
What is the likely effect of increased pollutants on aquatic biodiversity?
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Which of the following organisms could serve as an indicator of water quality?
Which of the following organisms could serve as an indicator of water quality?
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What is the most likely consequence of adding sewage to a river?
What is the most likely consequence of adding sewage to a river?
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Which animal is adapted to survive in environments with fluctuating oxygen levels?
Which animal is adapted to survive in environments with fluctuating oxygen levels?
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Which region is most likely to experience acid rain as a result of sulfur dioxide emissions?
Which region is most likely to experience acid rain as a result of sulfur dioxide emissions?
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Which population in the graph is most likely to be herbivores?
Which population in the graph is most likely to be herbivores?
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What feature of deforestation has the greatest effect on the atmosphere?
What feature of deforestation has the greatest effect on the atmosphere?
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Where in the river would there likely be fewest bloodworms?
Where in the river would there likely be fewest bloodworms?
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What describes the process of eutrophication and its effect on a river?
What describes the process of eutrophication and its effect on a river?
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What are the potential effects of deforestation?
What are the potential effects of deforestation?
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What outcome is most likely if a farmer's fertilizer drains into a lake after a storm?
What outcome is most likely if a farmer's fertilizer drains into a lake after a storm?
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Which of the following statements about the effects of pesticides is true?
Which of the following statements about the effects of pesticides is true?
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What is the main cause of soil erosion as a result of deforestation?
What is the main cause of soil erosion as a result of deforestation?
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Which process may result in eutrophication in a lake?
Which process may result in eutrophication in a lake?
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Which two gases both contribute to global warming?
Which two gases both contribute to global warming?
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What is the correct sequence of events resulting from the over-use of fertilisers?
What is the correct sequence of events resulting from the over-use of fertilisers?
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Which gas is primarily responsible for the greenhouse effect?
Which gas is primarily responsible for the greenhouse effect?
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What is a potential impact of untreated sewage being released into a river?
What is a potential impact of untreated sewage being released into a river?
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Which of the following gases contributes minimally to global warming?
Which of the following gases contributes minimally to global warming?
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Which factor is most likely to lead to soil erosion?
Which factor is most likely to lead to soil erosion?
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Which of the following is NOT a consequence of fertiliser run-off into water bodies?
Which of the following is NOT a consequence of fertiliser run-off into water bodies?
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Which agricultural activity can cause the most pollution?
Which agricultural activity can cause the most pollution?
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What could be the cause of increased fish mortality due to dissolved oxygen depletion in a river?
What could be the cause of increased fish mortality due to dissolved oxygen depletion in a river?
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Which pesticide was found to be the most dangerous to fish based on the concentration that killed 50% within four days?
Which pesticide was found to be the most dangerous to fish based on the concentration that killed 50% within four days?
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What should be used to effectively kill weeds in a crop?
What should be used to effectively kill weeds in a crop?
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What happens to soil nutrients and erosion when a large area is heavily overgrazed for many years?
What happens to soil nutrients and erosion when a large area is heavily overgrazed for many years?
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What effect does deforestation have on the levels of carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water vapour in the atmosphere?
What effect does deforestation have on the levels of carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water vapour in the atmosphere?
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Which of the following is a disadvantage of using a persistent pesticide?
Which of the following is a disadvantage of using a persistent pesticide?
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At which point does raw sewage typically enter the river based on typical river flow effects?
At which point does raw sewage typically enter the river based on typical river flow effects?
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Study Notes
Water Pollution and Eutrophication
- Rain impact on the ground can lead to rainwater runoff, which may cause soil erosion and affect soil fertility.
- Oxygen concentration in rivers changes with pollution levels, often decreasing near sewage outlets.
- Eutrophication is caused by nutrient-rich runoff, especially from fertilizers, leading to algae blooms and subsequent depletion of oxygen, harming aquatic life.
Greenhouse Gases and Global Warming
- Major contributors to global warming include carbon dioxide and methane.
- Increased carbon dioxide levels are often linked to combustion of fossil fuels and stored carbon compounds from dead organisms.
Eutrophication Process
- Sequence of events in eutrophication: nutrients enter water, causing algal growth, then algae die and decompose, bacteria flourish, leading to decreased oxygen levels, which can result in fish deaths.
Ecological Impact of Pesticides
- Pesticides accumulate in food chains, affecting wildlife, with herbivores most likely to accumulate higher pesticide levels.
- Persistent pesticides do not break down easily and can cause long-term ecological disruptions.
Deforestation Effects
- Deforestation primarily reduces photosynthesis, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and affecting global oxygen and water vapor quantities.
- Other effects include increased flooding and soil erosion, as well as loss of biodiversity.
Agricultural Practices and Pollution
- Over-use of fertilizers can lead to nutrient runoff into water bodies, causing eutrophication and adversely affecting both terrestrial and aquatic plant growth.
- Herbicides are selectively used to control weed growth in crops without harming the crop plants.
Water Quality Indicators
- Bloodworms are indicators of poor water quality, often found in areas of high pollution such as near sewage inputs.
- Clean water typically supports a variety of species, while polluted areas support fewer and more tolerant species.
Oxygen and Bacteria Dynamics
- Adding sewage to rivers results in increased bacteria populations and decreased dissolved oxygen levels due to decomposing organic matter.
Identifying Pollution Sources
- Sulfur dioxide emissions are linked to acid rain formation, with prevailing wind directions influencing affected regions.
- Different agricultural activities vary in their potential for causing water pollution, with artificial fertilizers being particularly harmful.
Summary of Key Concepts
- Eutrophication and water pollution significantly impact biodiversity and river health, affecting oxygen levels and aquatic ecosystems.
- Understanding the relationships between agricultural practices and environmental impacts is crucial for sustainable land and water management.
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Description
This quiz covers important concepts related to environmental science, including rain impact, runoff, soil erosion, and fertility. It also examines the quality of water in different positions along a river affected by factors like untreated sewage.
