Environmental Science Quiz: Ecosystems & Pollution

An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of water where freshwater and saltwater mix.

A coastal ecosystem dominated by salt-tolerant trees and shrubs.

The expulsion of symbiotic algae from coral reefs, causing them to lose color and die.

The contamination of the air by harmful substances.

Energy derived from natural sources that are replenished at a rate comparable to their consumption.

Formation of ozone hole in Antarctica is primarily due to the presence of polar front, stratospheric clouds, and inflow of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).

The carbon credit system is linked to the Kyoto Protocol, an international treaty on climate change.

Oilzapper is an eco-friendly technology used to remediate oil sludge and oil spills.

Emissions from coal combustion at thermal power plants may be relevant to some Acts. Only given acts are not specified, but the problem describes emission as a possible concern.

Some Acts listed have possible relevance to biodiversity conservation in relation to the possible impact on biodiversity.

The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty related to climate change, potentially linked to carbon credit mechanisms.

CFCs are chemical compounds that contribute to ozone depletion.

The relevance of the 1927 Indian Forest Act to biodiversity conservation is possible, but not definitively stated.

Mangroves act as a buffer between human settlements and the sea, preventing damage from coastal disasters like tsunamis.

Harmful algal blooms in seawaters are caused by nutrient discharge from estuaries, runoff from land during monsoons, and upwelling in the seas.

Removing the bark of a tree near its base usually causes the tree to die because water can't reach the upper parts and roots don't receive oxygen.

Photosynthesis, respiration, and the decay of organic matter release carbon dioxide into the carbon cycle. Volcanic action also adds carbon dioxide.

Harmful algal blooms are an increase in algae in seawater, often caused by excess nutrients.

Mangrove trees prevent uprooting in storms and tides due to their extensive root systems.

Mangrove forests can protect coastal areas from the damage caused by tsunamis.

Removing the bark from a tree can cause the tree to die since water supply to the upper parts of the tree is cut off and the roots can't get oxygen.

Chemicals that break down the ozone layer in the stratosphere, which protects Earth from harmful UV radiation.

A decline in vulture populations in India due to the use of a drug by cattle owners, causing a deadly poisoning effect on vultures.

An Act that established a specialized judicial body in India to handle environmental disputes and address pollution issues.

This right, recognized as part of the Right to Life under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution, protects citizens' right to a clean and healthy environment.

A process of artificially inducing precipitation by dispersing particles into the atmosphere, aiming to enhance rainfall.

The early stage of aquatic organisms that feed on microscopic algae (phytoplankton) in their initial development.

Negatively impacted, harmed, or damaged.

The steel industry in India releases various pollutants, including sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide.

Neem oil has various uses, including acting as a pesticide to control insects and mites, being used in biofuels and hospital detergents, and having applications in the pharmaceutical industry.

Photosynthesis is the process where free energy is converted into potential energy and stored. Plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce glucose (sugar) and oxygen.

An environmental movement aims to raise awareness about climate change and the need to protect our planet. This can involve actions like activism, education, and policy advocacy.

Neem trees can be a source of high-quality biodiesel, a renewable fuel produced from vegetable oils or animal fats.

Carbon dioxide is a major pollutant released by the steel industry. Steel production involves burning fossil fuels, which release carbon dioxide as a byproduct.

Neem oil is used in the manufacture of hospital detergents. It has antibacterial and antifungal properties.

Products from the neem tree, like neem oil, have various benefits: controlling insects and mites, serving as biofuels and hospital detergents, and having applications in the pharmaceutical industry.

Exposure to sunlight can help prevent disease infestations by reducing humidity and inhibiting growth of pathogens.

Increased carbon dioxide levels in the environment generally don't directly prevent disease infestations, but they can contribute to other environmental issues.

Decreasing the rate of respiration can indirectly help prevent disease infestations. Slower respiration means less energy for pathogens to thrive.

The Gharial (a type of crocodile), Leatherback turtle, and Swamp deer are all endangered species found in India.

Many transplanted seedlings fail to grow due to the loss of root hairs, which are essential for absorbing water and nutrients.

Decomposers are organisms like fungi and bacteria that break down dead organic matter, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.

Equatorial forests are characterized by tall trees forming a dense canopy, a high diversity of species, and the presence of many epiphytes (plants that grow on other plants).

An epiphyte is a plant that grows on another plant for support, but doesn't harm the host plant. They obtain nutrients from the air and rainwater.