Environmental Science Overview

The environment encompasses all living and non-living things occurring naturally on Earth.
It includes physical, chemical, biological, and social factors.

Biotic Factors
- Living components: plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms.
Abiotic Factors
- Non-living components: air, water, soil, sunlight, and climate.

Natural Environment: Undisturbed ecosystems and landscapes.
Built Environment: Human-made structures and spaces.
Social Environment: Cultural, economic, and political influences on communities.

Pollution
- Air, water, soil, and noise pollution.
- Sources include industrial waste, vehicle emissions, and plastic waste.
Climate Change
- Global warming due to greenhouse gas emissions.
- Impacts include extreme weather, sea level rise, and biodiversity loss.
Deforestation
- Loss of forests for agriculture, urban development, and logging.
- Consequences include habitat destruction and increased carbon emissions.
Biodiversity Loss
- Decline in species and genetic diversity.
- Causes include habitat destruction, climate change, and pollution.

Sustainable Development: Meeting current needs without compromising future generations.
Protected Areas: National parks and wildlife reserves aimed at preserving ecosystems.
Renewable Resources: Sustainable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydroelectric.

International Agreements: Protocols like the Paris Agreement to combat climate change.
Regulations: Local and national laws to control pollution and protect natural resources.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: Minimizing waste.
Conservation Efforts: Participating in local clean-up and tree-planting initiatives.
Sustainable Choices: Choosing eco-friendly products and services.

Encompasses all living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) components naturally present on Earth.
Comprises physical, chemical, biological, and social factors that interact and influence ecosystems.

Biotic Factors: Include all living organisms such as plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms that form ecosystems.
Abiotic Factors: Non-living elements like air, water, soil, sunlight, and climate that shape the environment.

Natural Environment: Consists of ecosystems and landscapes that remain undisturbed by human activity.
Built Environment: Comprises human-made structures and spaces, including urban infrastructure.
Social Environment: Encompasses cultural, economic, and political factors that impact communities and their development.

Pollution: Includes air, water, soil, and noise pollution, primarily from industrial waste, vehicle emissions, and plastic debris.
Climate Change: Driven by greenhouse gas emissions leading to global warming, resulting in extreme weather patterns, rising sea levels, and loss of biodiversity.
Deforestation: Involves the removal of forests for agricultural expansion, urbanization, and logging, causing habitat loss and increased carbon emissions.
Biodiversity Loss: Represents the decline in species and genetic variety due to habitat destruction, climate change, and pollution.

Sustainable Development: Focuses on meeting present needs while ensuring resources are available for future generations.
Protected Areas: Include national parks and wildlife reserves designed to conserve ecosystems and protect endangered species.
Renewable Resources: Emphasizes the use of sustainable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydroelectric energy to reduce reliance on fossil fuels.

International Agreements: Encompass protocols like the Paris Agreement, which aim to address and mitigate climate change challenges globally.
Regulations: Enforce local and national laws aimed at controlling pollution levels and safeguarding natural resources.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: Advocates for minimizing waste production through thoughtful consumption and material reprocessing.
Conservation Efforts: Encourages involvement in community initiatives such as clean-up drives and tree-planting programs.
Sustainable Choices: Promotes the selection of eco-friendly products and services to support environmental health and sustainability.