Environmental Science Chapter 2 Quiz

Study Notes

Investigates environmental impact of forest clear-cutting through controlled experiments.
Use of control and experimental groups to isolate variables.
Measurement of water and nutrient loss in both groups.
Clear-cutting resulted in a 30–40% increase in runoff.
Observed 6–8 times more nutrient loss in clear-cut areas, establishing cause-and-effect relationships.

Defined as collecting data to develop theories, models, and laws about nature.
Steps include identifying a problem, gathering existing knowledge, and conducting experiments.
Process involves formulating testable hypotheses and making predictions.
Key features of the scientific process: curiosity, skepticism, peer review, and reproducibility.

Aims to establish well-tested theories and reliable scientific laws.
Scientific certainty varies; some science remains tentative and may progress or regress in acceptance.
Limitations include observational bias, complexity of interactions, and challenges in mathematical modeling.

Focuses on the natural greenhouse effect that moderates atmospheric temperatures.
Key questions addressed:
- Extent of warming over the past 50 years.
- Human contributions to the increase in carbon dioxide levels.
- Predictions for future warming and its potential effects.
According to the 2007 IPCC report:
- Very likely a 0.74°C increase from 1906-2005.
- Human activities identified as the main cause of global warming.
- Likely future increase in Earth’s mean surface temperature by approximately 3°C.