Environmental Science Chapter 18 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Which of these are examples of biotic factors in a desert ecosystem? (Select all that apply)

  • Snakes (correct)
  • Cactus (correct)
  • Spiders (correct)
  • Sand

Which of these are examples of abiotic factors in a desert ecosystem? (Select all that apply)

  • Cactus
  • Sunlight (correct)
  • Wind (correct)
  • Water

What is the role of decomposers in ecosystems?

Decomposers break down dead organisms and return organic materials to the ecosystem.

How does energy move through ecosystems?

<p>Energy moves from radiant energy from sunlight to chemical energy used by organisms.</p>
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How do biotic and abiotic factors differ between a large ecosystem like a South American rain forest and a mini-ecosystem like a bromeliad?

<p>In a large ecosystem, components are more independent; in a mini-ecosystem, they are more dependent on the environment.</p>
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What makes the ecosystem around Yellowstone National Park's hot springs unique?

<p>It is unique because the hot springs create miniature, self-sustaining ecosystems with special biota.</p>
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What interactions occur in a garden?

<p>Interactions occur between soil, air, rainwater, and the community.</p>
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How do plants change their environment?

<p>Plants remove and release oxygen and CO2 in the soil and air; insects and birds also interact with them.</p>
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How do the activities of animals affect the environment?

<p>Animals take in oxygen released by plants and release CO2.</p>
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How does climate affect the biota within an ecosystem?

<p>Climate affects the biota greatly, as only specific biota can survive certain climates.</p>
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What is the role of water in the formation of ecosystems?

<p>Water provides necessary sources for plants and animals; life can't exist without water.</p>
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Select a biome in which you would like to live and tell why.

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Study Notes

Desert Ecosystem

  • Biotic factors include organisms like cacti, spiders, and snakes.
  • Abiotic factors consist of elements such as sunlight, wind, and sand.

Decomposers

  • Play a crucial role in breaking down dead organisms.
  • Return organic materials back to the ecosystem, which helps cycle matter and energy.

Energy Movement in Ecosystems

  • Energy originates from sunlight as radiant energy.
  • Organisms convert this radiant energy into chemical energy for life processes.

Ecosystem Comparison

  • Large ecosystems like South American rain forests display greater independence among species.
  • Mini-ecosystems, such as bromeliads, demonstrate greater dependency on their immediate environment.

Unique Yellowstone Ecosystem

  • Hot springs in Yellowstone National Park house self-sustaining mini-ecosystems with unique biota.

Garden Interactions

  • Interactions in a garden involve the soil, air, rainwater, and the surrounding community of organisms.

Impact of Plants on Environment

  • Plants modify their environment by removing oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide (CO2).
  • Insects and birds interact with plants, feeding on them and contributing to the ecosystem dynamics.

Animal Influence on Environment

  • Animals consume oxygen produced by plants and in turn, expel carbon dioxide (CO2), affecting air quality and ecosystem health.

Climate and Biota

  • The survival of specific biota is heavily influenced by climate conditions, as only certain organisms can thrive in particular climates.

Water's Role in Ecosystems

  • Water serves as a vital resource for plants and animals; it is essential for life and ecosystem formation.

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