Environmental Science and Ecology
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Questions and Answers

What is the layer below the lithosphere called?

  • Troposphere
  • Mesosphere
  • Aesthenosphere (correct)
  • Stratosphere

Why does the aesthenosphere lack strength or rigidity?

  • Its exposure to the oceans
  • Due to the presence of solid rock
  • Lack of temperature variation
  • Because of high confining pressure (correct)

Which of the following sciences does Environmental Science integrate information and ideas from?

  • Physics, mathematics, and astronomy
  • Biology, chemistry, and geology (correct)
  • Psychology, sociology, and linguistics
  • Political science, history, and literature

How does the discovery of the aesthenosphere contribute to the concept of continental drift?

<p>It supports the idea of continents sliding over a softened layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three goals of Environmental Science as mentioned in the text?

<p>Learn how life on earth has survived and thrived, understand our interactions with the environment, and find solutions to environmental problems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is differentiation in relation to planetary objects?

<p>A process creating zones with differing compositions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique feature of Earth's temperatures compared to other planets in our solar system?

<p>Mild and relatively constant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the thickness of the lithosphere vary on Earth?

<p>It is thickest under oceans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which major components make up the Earth as mentioned in the text?

<p>Atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes the aesthenosphere appear 'mushy' according to the text?

<p>High temperatures close to mantle melting temperature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Earth's close system, how do materials and energy cycle?

<p>Constantly from one open reservoir to another (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of tectonic plate movements on Earth as per the text?

<p>Constantly shaping landscapes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which environmental issue is attributed to the burning of fossil fuels?

<p>Global warming and climate change (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the effects of stratospheric ozone depletion mentioned in the text?

<p>Skin cancer incidence in humans (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes most significantly to the decline of petroleum and coal reserves?

<p>Burning of fossil fuels leading to global warming (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major challenge related to biodiversity loss as highlighted in the text?

<p>Collection and disposal of solid waste (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is identified as one of the major causes of environmental problems according to the text?

<p>Population growth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of waste is specifically mentioned in the text as contributing to environmental issues?

<p>Hospital wastes like syringes and blood samples (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has been identified as one of the improvements in environmental conditions in recent times?

<p>Reduced wasteful resource uses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region has shown progress in controlling air and water pollution, according to the text?

<p>Western Countries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated as a factor contributing to environmental problems due to financial considerations?

<p>Failure to include environmental costs in market prices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following has NOT contributed to the stabilization of the population according to the text?

<p>Industrialization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main driving force behind the movement of lithospheric plates?

<p>Convection within the earth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature marks divergent margins in an oceanic setting?

<p>Midoceanic ridges (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are continental collision zones, like the Himalayas, characterized geologically?

<p>Mountain ranges (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of fragments of moving lithosphere colliding in terms of mountain range formation?

<p>Growth of mountain ranges (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event led to the formation of the Himalayas approximately 45 million years ago?

<p>The collision of the Indian subcontinent with Asia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant consequence of oceanic plates splitting apart?

<p>Creation of new mountain ranges (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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