29 Questions
What is the main concern if greenhouse gas emissions remain high and global warming continues unabated?
Increased frequency of floods affecting Malaysians
Which natural resources are considered renewable?
Biomass energy, hydropower, and wind energy
What do plants, animals, and microorganisms provide according to the text?
Food, medicine, and other essential products
What type of resource is fossil fuel according to the text?
Non-renewable resource
What will happen if non-renewable resources are consumed at a scale comparable to their regeneration?
Depletion of non-renewable resources
What is the consequence of poor drainage systems especially in urban areas according to the text?
Aggravation of flooding
What percentage of the earth's water is available for use?
0.5%
Where does Malaysia source most of its water?
Rivers and reservoirs
What is the biggest dam in Southeast Asia?
Bakun Dam
What percentage of Malaysia's energy comes from hydropower?
11%
Which type of ecosystem service is associated with climate regulation and water purification?
Regulating
What is the main source of food for Malaysians and many other Asian societies?
Rice
How many plant species has the FAO estimated to be edible?
~50,000
What is the estimated number of plant species actually cultivated as food?
~150-200
How can domestic animals be improved according to the text?
By breeding them with wild relatives
What are peat swamp forests according to the text?
Forests with waterlogged acidic soil and a layer of dead leaves and plant material up to 20 meters thick
What defines a forest according to the given text?
Land area of more than 0.5 ha, with a tree canopy cover of more than 10%
What is the term used for the benefits people obtain from ecosystems?
'Ecosystem services'
What is the defining characteristic of mangroves as described in the text?
They are primarily associated with marine habitats
Which of the following habitats relates specifically to seawater?
Marine habitat
What type of habitat includes estuaries and may be associated with seawater, brackish water, or freshwater according to the text?
Coastal habitat
Which of the following characterizes the natural environment as defined in the text?
Air, water, and land where biological organisms live
What is the estimated percentage of Malaysia's waters that are designated as marine protected areas (MPAs)?
1.4%
Which type of forest in Malaysia is specifically mentioned to have a Rhizophora tree in the mangrove area of UNIMAS?
Mangrove forest
What is the total area covered by marine parks in Peninsular Malaysia and the Federal Territory of Labuan?
248,613 ha
Which coastal habitat is described as where the rivers and streams meet the sea?
Estuary
What is the approximate total area covered by marine protected areas (MPAs) in Sarawak?
207,723 ha
In the coastal habitat, what is described as usually more sheltered and shallower than the open ocean?
Coastal water
Which terrestrial habitat is specifically mentioned to have a forest floor in the peat swamp area of UNIMAS?
*Peat Swamp forest
Study Notes
Climate Change and Resources
- High greenhouse gas emissions and unabated global warming may lead to catastrophic consequences
- Renewable natural resources include those that can be replenished naturally over time
- Fossil fuel is a non-renewable resource, meaning it takes millions of years to form and cannot be replenished quickly
Ecosystem Services
- Plants, animals, and microorganisms provide ecosystem services, including climate regulation and water purification
- Ecosystem services also provide benefits such as food, water, and air
Water Resources
- Only 2.5% of the Earth's water is available for use
- Malaysia sources most of its water from rivers and lakes
- The Bakun Dam is the biggest dam in Southeast Asia
- Hydropower contributes 17.4% of Malaysia's energy
Food and Agriculture
- Rice is the main source of food for Malaysians and many other Asian societies
- The FAO estimates that there are over 30,000 edible plant species, but only 150 are cultivated as food
Forests and Habitats
- Peat swamp forests are a unique habitat characterized by acidic and oxygen-poor conditions
- A forest is defined as an area of land dominated by trees and other woody vegetation
- Mangroves are characterized by the presence of Rhizophora trees and are found in coastal areas
- Estuaries are habitats where freshwater rivers meet the sea
Conservation and Protected Areas
- Only about 1.3% of Malaysia's waters are designated as marine protected areas (MPAs)
- Marine parks in Peninsular Malaysia and the Federal Territory of Labuan cover a total area of 13,433 hectares
- In Sarawak, marine protected areas cover a total area of approximately 11,484 hectares
Explore the management of environmental resources and the impact of global warming on natural resources like water, soil, and trees. Learn about the potential consequences of high greenhouse gas emissions and poor drainage systems on urban areas.
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