The Environmental Protection 1986 Act Quiz
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Questions and Answers

According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, which schedule lists the standards for emission or discharge of environmental pollutants from industries?

  • Schedule I (correct)
  • Schedule IV
  • Schedule II
  • Schedule III

    • What is the purpose of Schedule III in the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986?

  • To list ambient air quality standards in respect of noise (correct)
  • To furnish information to authorities and agencies
  • To list standards for emission of smoke, vapour etc. from motor vehicles
  • To list general standards for discharge of effluents

    • Which schedule was renumbered as Schedule V in the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986?

  • Schedule VI
  • Schedule III
  • Schedule II (correct)
  • Schedule I

    • According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, which chapter deals with prevention, control, and abatement of environmental pollution?

    <p>Chapter III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, which of the following is included in the definition of 'environment'?

    <p>Water, air, land, and inter-relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 come into force in India?

    <p>19th November, 1986</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm in June, 1972?

    <p>To protect and improve the human environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the extent of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986?

    <p>Applicable to the whole of India</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who has the power to issue directions under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986?

    <p>Central Government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a power or function of the authority or authorities constituted under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986?

    <p>Appointing officers for the Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is bound to comply with the directions issued by the Central Government under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986?

    <p>Any person, officer or authority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a matter that the rules made under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 may provide for?

    <p>The maximum allowable limits of concentration of environmental pollutants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who has the power to establish environmental laboratories?

    <p>The Central Government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the penalty for failing to comply with the provisions of the Act?

    <p>Both imprisonment and fine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who can be appointed or recognised as Government Analysts?

    <p>The Central Government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be used as evidence in any proceeding under this Act?

    <p>A report signed by a Government analyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, which of the following is true about the recovery of expenses incurred for remedial measures?

    <p>The expenses can be recovered with interest from the person concerned as arrears of land revenue or of public demand.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who has the right to enter any place for the purpose of performing functions entrusted to them by the Central Government?

    <p>Any person empowered by the Central Government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the penalty for failing to render assistance to a person empowered by the Central Government for carrying out their functions?

    <p>Being declared guilty of an offence under the Act.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the admissibility of the result of an analysis of a sample taken for the purpose of analysis?

    <p>It is admissible as evidence only if the provisions of sub-sections (3) and (4) are complied with.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the maximum punishment for a failure or contravention that continues beyond one year after conviction?

    <p>Imprisonment for a term up to seven years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can be deemed guilty of an offence committed by a company?

    <p>Both the person directly in charge and the company</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the punishment for a person directly in charge of a company if they can prove that the offence was committed without their knowledge?

    <p>No punishment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can be deemed guilty of an offence committed by a company if it is proved that the offence was committed with the consent or connivance of, or is attributable to any neglect on the part of, any director, manager, secretary or other officer of the company?

    <p>The director, manager, secretary, or other officer of the company</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of 'company' as per the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986?

    <p>Both a body corporate and a firm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is considered a 'director' in relation to a firm as per the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986?

    <p>A partner in the firm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the definition of 'environmental pollutant'?

    <p>Any substance that is injurious to the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the definition of 'handling'?

    <p>The manufacturing of substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the definition of 'hazardous substance'?

    <p>Any substance or preparation that is harmful to human beings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the power of the Central Government with respect to environmental pollution?

    <p>The power to prevent, control and abate environmental pollution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what does the term 'environment' include?

    <p>Water, air, land, and human beings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, which schedule lists the general standards for discharge of effluents and their maximum limits of concentration allowable?

    <p>Schedule II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, when did it come into force in India?

    <p>12th November, 1986</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what was the purpose of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm in June, 1972?

    <p>To take appropriate steps for the protection and improvement of human environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, which schedule lists ambient air quality standards in respect of noise and its maximum allowable limits?

    <p>Schedule III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, which schedule lists standards for emission of smoke, vapor, etc. from motor vehicles and their maximum allowable limits of emission?

    <p>Schedule IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who has the power to issue directions?

    <p>Central Government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, which schedule lists the procedures and safeguards for the handling of hazardous substances?

    <p>Schedule I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can issue directions in writing to any person, officer, or authority?

    <p>The Central Government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can the Central Government appoint for the purposes of this Act?

    <p>The officers appointed under sub-section (1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who are the officers appointed under sub-section (1) subject to?

    <p>The general control and direction of the Central Government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following is NOT a power or function of the authority or authorities constituted under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986?

    <p>Exercising the power to issue directions under section 5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which authority or agency can recover expenses incurred for remedial measures under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986?

    <p>State Government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who has the power to enter any place for the purpose of performing functions entrusted to them by the Central Government?

    <p>Any person with a warrant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the penalty for willfully delaying or obstructing a person empowered by the Central Government under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986?

    <p>Imprisonment for up to 7 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the admissibility of the result of an analysis of a sample taken under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986?

    <p>Admissible in any legal proceeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the definition of 'occupier' in relation to any factory or premises?

    <p>A person who has control over the affairs of the factory or premises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the meaning of 'handling' in relation to any substance?

    <p>The manufacture, processing, treatment, storage, transportation, and use of the substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the definition of 'hazardous substance'?

    <p>Any substance or preparation that is liable to cause harm to human beings, other living creatures, plant, micro-organism, property or the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the power of the Central Government with respect to environmental pollution?

    <p>The power to take all necessary or expedient measures to protect and improve the quality of the environment and prevent, control, and abate environmental pollution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who has the power to establish environmental laboratories?

    <p>The Central Government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the penalty for failing to render assistance to a person empowered by the Central Government for carrying out their functions?

    <p>Imprisonment for up to 5 years and a fine of up to Rs. 1 lakh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the admissibility of the result of an analysis of a sample taken for the purpose of analysis?

    <p>The result is admissible only if it is signed by both the Government Analyst and the person taking the sample</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the maximum punishment for a failure or contravention that continues beyond one year after conviction?

    <p>Imprisonment for up to 5 years and a fine of up to Rs. 5 lakh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the maximum punishment for a failure or contravention that continues beyond one year after conviction?

    <p>Imprisonment for a term not exceeding seven years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who will be deemed guilty of an offence committed by a company?

    <p>Every person directly in charge of the company's business</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can be deemed guilty of an offence committed by a company if it was committed with their consent or connivance?

    <p>Director, manager, secretary, or other officer of the company</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the definition of 'company'?

    <p>Any body corporate, including a firm or other association of individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who is liable to be proceeded against and punished if an offence under the Act has been committed by a government department?

    <p>The Head of the Department</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who is not liable to any punishment provided in the Act for an offence committed by a company?

    <p>A person who proves that the offence was committed without their knowledge or that they exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission of such offence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the definition of 'environmental pollutant'?

    <p>Any substance present in the environment that is harmful to the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what does the term 'occupier' mean?

    <p>A person who controls the affairs of a factory or premises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the power of the Central Government in relation to protecting and improving the environment?

    <p>The power to establish environmental laboratories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm in June, 1972?

    <p>To improve the quality of the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who has the power to issue directions to any person, officer, or authority?

    <p>The Central Government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what can the Central Government do if it considers it necessary or expedient for the purpose of the Act?

    <p>Constitute an authority or authorities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can the Central Government appoint for the purposes of the Act?

    <p>Officers with such designation as it thinks fit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the authority or authorities constituted under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986?

    <p>To exercise and perform powers and functions of the Central Government under the Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what does the term 'environment' include?

    <p>Water, air, land, the inter-relationship between them, and other living creatures, plants, micro-organisms, and property</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, when did the Act come into force in India?

    <p>19th November, 1986</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who participated in the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm in June, 1972?

    <p>India only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the purpose of the Act?

    <p>To protect and improve human environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who has the power to recover expenses incurred for remedial measures from the person concerned?

    <p>Any authority or agency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can be guilty of an offence if they willfully delay or obstruct persons empowered by the Central Government in performing their functions?

    <p>The person concerned</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the punishment for failing to render assistance to a person empowered by the Central Government for carrying out their functions without any reasonable cause or excuse?

    <p>Imprisonment for a term which may extend to 1 year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the admissibility of the result of any analysis of a sample taken for the purpose of analysis in any legal proceeding?

    <p>Admissible if the provisions of sub-sections (3) and (4) are complied with</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, which schedule lists general standards for the discharge of effluents and their maximum limits of concentration allowable?

    <p>Schedule II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the punishment for failing to prevent or mitigate environmental pollution caused by the discharge of environmental pollutants in excess of the prescribed standards?

    <p>Fine and imprisonment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who is bound to prevent or mitigate environmental pollution caused by the discharge of environmental pollutants in excess of the prescribed standards?

    <p>Both the person responsible for discharge and the person in charge of the place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the requirement if the discharge of any environmental pollutant in excess of the prescribed standards occurs due to any accident or other unforeseen act or event?

    <p>Both intimate the fact of occurrence and render all assistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who has the power to establish environmental laboratories?

    <p>The Central Government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can be appointed or recognised as Government Analysts?

    <p>Any person with prescribed qualifications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the maximum punishment for a failure or contravention that continues beyond one year after conviction?

    <p>Imprisonment for 5 years and a fine of up to one lakh rupees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the admissibility of the result of an analysis of a sample taken under the Act?

    <p>The result can be used as evidence in any proceeding under the Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the punishment for a person directly in charge of a company if the failure or contravention continues beyond one year after conviction?

    <p>Imprisonment for a term up to 7 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can be deemed guilty of an offence committed by a company if it is proved that the offence was committed with the consent or connivance of, or is attributable to any neglect on the part of, any director, manager, secretary or other officer of the company?

    <p>The director, manager, secretary, and other officers of the company</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the definition of 'company' as per the Act?

    <p>Any body corporate and includes a firm or other association of individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the definition of 'director' in relation to a firm?

    <p>A partner in the firm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, which chapter deals with offences by companies?

    <p>Chapter 17</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who is liable to be proceeded against and punished if an offence under the Act has been committed by a company?

    <p>The person directly in charge of the company and the company itself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the purpose of the Act?

    <p>To provide for the protection and improvement of environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, when did the Act come into force in India?

    <p>19th November, 1986</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what does the term 'environment' include?

    <p>Water, air, land, and the inter-relationship among them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who has the power to issue directions under the Act?

    <p>Central Government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who has the power to issue directions in writing to any person, officer, or authority?

    <p>The Central Government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can the Central Government appoint for the purposes of the Act?

    <p>Officers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who has the power to exercise and perform the powers and functions of the Central Government under the Act?

    <p>The authority or authorities constituted by the Central Government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who is bound to comply with the directions issued by the Central Government?

    <p>Any person, officer, or authority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who has the power to recover the expenses incurred for remedial measures from the person concerned?

    <p>Authority or agency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can enter any place for the purpose of performing functions of the Central Government?

    <p>Any officer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who is bound to render all assistance to the person empowered by the Central Government for carrying out their functions?

    <p>Any person carrying on any industry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the punishment for willfully delaying or obstructing persons empowered by the Central Government in performing their functions?

    <p>Imprisonment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what does the term 'environmental pollutant' refer to?

    <p>Any solid, liquid or gaseous substance that is harmful to the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of 'occupier' in relation to any factory or premises according to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986?

    <p>A person who has control over the affairs of the factory or premises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the definition of 'hazardous substance'?

    <p>Any substance or preparation that is liable to cause harm to human beings, other living creatures, plant, micro-organism, property or the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what are the powers of the Central Government with respect to protecting and improving the environment?

    <p>The Central Government has the power to take all necessary measures for protecting and improving the quality of the environment and preventing, controlling, and abating environmental pollution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what do Schedule I and Schedule IV list?

    <p>Standards for emission or discharge of environmental pollutants from the industries, processes or operations and their maximum allowable limits of concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what do Schedule II and Schedule V list?

    <p>General standards for discharge of effluents and their maximum limits of concentration allowable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what do Schedule III and Schedule VII list?

    <p>Ambient air quality standards in respect of noise and its maximum allowable limits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what do Schedule VI and Schedule VII list?

    <p>Standards for emission of smoke, vapour etc. from motor vehicles and maximum allowable limits of their emission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the maximum punishment for a failure or contravention of the Act?

    <p>Imprisonment for 5 years with a fine of up to ₹1 lakh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can be deemed guilty of an offence committed by a company if it is proved that the offence was committed with the consent or connivance of, or is attributable to any neglect on the part of, any director, manager, secretary or other officer of the company?

    <p>Any director, manager, secretary or other officer of the company</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can be appointed or recognised as Government Analysts?

    <p>Any person with prescribed qualifications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what can be used as evidence of the facts stated therein in any proceeding under the Act?

    <p>Any document signed by a Government analyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the maximum punishment for a failure or contravention that continues beyond one year after conviction?

    <p>Imprisonment for a term up to 7 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can be deemed guilty of an offence committed by a company?

    <p>Both the person directly in charge and the company</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can also be deemed guilty of an offence committed by a company if it was done with their consent or connivance or due to their neglect?

    <p>Any director, manager, secretary, or other officer of the company</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the definition of 'company'?

    <p>Any body corporate and includes a firm or other association of individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who is liable to be proceeded against and punished if an offence is committed by a company?

    <p>Both the person directly in charge and the company</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the punishment for a person directly in charge of a company if the failure or contravention continues beyond one year after conviction?

    <p>Imprisonment for a term up to 7 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the objective of the Act?

    <p>To provide for the protection and improvement of environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what does the term 'environment' include?

    <p>Water, air, land, and the inter-relationship among them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who has the power to issue directions for the prevention, control, and abatement of environmental pollution?

    <p>Central Government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what does the term 'handling' refer to?

    <p>The use of hazardous substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the definition of 'occupier'?

    <p>The person who controls the affairs of a factory or premises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the power of the Central Government with respect to hazardous substances?

    <p>To lay down procedures and safeguards for their handling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the purpose of establishing environmental laboratories and institutes?

    <p>To carry out investigations and research on environmental pollution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who has the power to issue directions in writing to any person, officer, or authority?

    <p>State Governments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the maximum punishment for a failure or contravention of the Act?

    <p>Imprisonment for up to 3 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what do Schedule I and Schedule IV list?

    <p>Standards of quality of air, water or soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can be deemed guilty of an offence committed by a company if it is proved that the offence was committed with the consent or connivance of, or is attributable to any neglect on the part of, any director, manager, secretary or other officer of the company?

    <p>The Central Government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can be appointed or recognised as Government Analysts?

    <p>Any person with the necessary qualifications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the punishment for failing to comply with or contravene any provisions of the Act or the rules made under it?

    <p>Imprisonment for up to 5 years and a fine of up to one lakh rupees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who has the power to recover expenses incurred for remedial measures from the person concerned?

    <p>Central Government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the admissibility of a report signed by a Government Analyst?

    <p>It can be used as evidence of the facts stated therein in any proceeding under the Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the purpose of Schedule II?

    <p>To list the maximum allowable limits of concentration for discharge of effluents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the purpose of Schedule III?

    <p>To list the ambient air quality standards in respect of noise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the purpose of Schedule IV?

    <p>To list the standards for emission of smoke, vapour etc. from motor vehicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the purpose of Schedule V?

    <p>To list the furnishing of information to authorities and agencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the punishment for a person directly in charge of a company if the failure or contravention continues beyond one year after conviction?

    <p>Imprisonment for a term of seven years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who is liable to be proceeded against and punished if an offence under the Act has been committed by a government department?

    <p>The Head of the Department</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can be deemed guilty of an offence committed by a company?

    <p>Both the person directly in charge of the company and the company</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the definition of 'director' in relation to a firm?

    <p>A partner in the firm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who has the power to enter any place for the purpose of performing the functions of the Central Government?

    <p>Any person empowered by the Central Government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the punishment for willfully delaying or obstructing persons empowered by the Central Government in performing their functions?

    <p>Fine and imprisonment for a term which may extend to 1 year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can be guilty of an offence if they fail to render assistance to a person empowered by the Central Government?

    <p>Any person carrying on any industry, operation or process of handling any hazardous substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what are the provisions applicable to search and seizure under this Act?

    <p>Provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the maximum punishment for a failure or contravention that continues beyond one year after the date of conviction?

    <p>Imprisonment for a term of seven years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, who can be deemed guilty of an offence committed by a company if it is proved that the offence has been committed with the consent or connivance of, or is attributable to any neglect on the part of, any director, manager, secretary or other officer of the company?

    <p>Both the company and the director</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, what is the definition of 'director' in relation to a firm?

    <p>A partner in the firm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the predominant reason why men and women enter industry?

    <p>To make money</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of industry as a whole?

    <p>To produce goods and services efficiently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prime social responsibility of industrial management according to the text?

    <p>To prevent accidents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some reasons attributed to India's poor performance in accident prevention?

    <p>Insufficient voluntary efforts by management and trade unions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be achieved even with the existing disadvantages according to the text?

    <p>Prevention of accidents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the performance in prevention of industrial accidents be evaluated according to the text?

    <p>By comparing the accident rates with other countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the high accident rate indicate according to the text?

    <p>Failure of industrial management to produce efficiently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most precious resource that industrial management should not squander according to the text?

    <p>Men</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard of overall efficiency reflected by according to the text?

    <p>The accident rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the scope for improvement in accident prevention according to the text?

    <p>Planned and preventive efforts in individual plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Factories Act, 1948, how many injuries resulting from accidents were reported in 2015?

    <p>20,961</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the social loss represented by accidents in terms of?

    <p>Loss of productivity capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the economic costs of accidents in factories?

    <p>Four times the direct costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the form of loss that is impossible to be summed up or evaluated?

    <p>Emotional loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direct cost for management in case of accidents?

    <p>Meeting medical expenses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the various other indirect costs due to accidents?

    <p>Interference caused by accidents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the economic cost of accidents to society?

    <p>Loss of productivity capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the tangible economic cost of accidents?

    <p>Direct costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total cost of accidents in factories?

    <p>No figures available</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the costs to society through social security schemes or charities?

    <p>Cost of maintenance of the injured</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

    • The Act came into force in India on November 19, 1986.
    • The Act was enacted to provide for the protection and improvement of the environment.

    Chapter III - Prevention, Control, and Abatement of Environmental Pollution

    • Deals with the prevention, control, and abatement of environmental pollution.

    Definitions

    • 'Environment' includes water, air, and land and the interrelationship which exists among and between water, air, and land, and human beings, other living creatures, plants, microorganisms, and property.
    • 'Environmental pollutant' means any substance or energy which is introduced by human conduct into the environment and which has or may have an adverse effect on the environment.
    • 'Handling' in relation to any substance, means the manufacture, processing, treatment, package, storage, transportation, use, collection, destruction, or offering for sale or disposal of such substance.
    • 'Hazardous substance' means any substance or preparation which is defined as hazardous by the Central Government.
    • 'Occupier' in relation to any factory or premises, means a person who has control over the affairs of the factory or premises.

    Schedules

    • Schedule I lists the standards for emission or discharge of environmental pollutants from industries.
    • Schedule III lists the procedures and safeguards for the handling of hazardous substances.
    • Schedule IV lists the ambient air quality standards in respect of noise and its maximum allowable limits.
    • Schedule V lists the standards for emission of smoke, vapor, etc. from motor vehicles and their maximum allowable limits of emission.

    Powers and Functions of the Central Government

    • The Central Government has the power to take all such measures as it deems necessary or expedient for the purpose of protecting and improving the quality of the environment and preventing, controlling and abating environmental pollution.
    • The Central Government has the power to issue directions in writing to any person, officer, or authority, including a State Government, for the implementation of the provisions of the Act.
    • The Central Government has the power to establish environmental laboratories and appoint or recognize Government Analysts.

    Penalties and Punishments

    • Whoever fails to prevent or mitigate environmental pollution caused by the discharge of environmental pollutants in excess of the prescribed standards, shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to five years or with fine which may extend to one lakh rupees, or with both.
    • Whoever willfully delays or obstructs a person empowered by the Central Government in performing their functions, shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three months or with fine which may extend to ten thousand rupees, or with both.

    Offences by Companies

    • Where an offence under this Act has been committed by a company, every person who was in charge of, and was responsible to the company for the conduct of the business of the company, as well as the company, shall be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.
    • The liability of a person under this section shall be in addition to, and not in derogation of, the liability of the company.

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