Environmental Conferences: 1972-1992
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following conferences focused on enhancing international cooperation and keeping the 1.5ËšC target within reach?

  • Stockholm+50
  • COP 29 Baku (correct)
  • COP 21 (Paris)
  • COP 30 in Belem

Which of the following Sustainable Development Goals focuses on protecting and conserving marine ecosystems?

  • Life Below Water (correct)
  • Climate Action
  • Clean Water and Sanitation
  • Life on Land

What year did the Paris Agreement, the first legally binding global climate deal, come into effect?

  • 2030
  • 2024
  • 2022
  • 2015 (correct)

What is the primary focus of the COP 30 conference in Belem, Brazil, scheduled for 2025?

<p>Addressing climate change and biodiversity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following events marks the commemoration of 50 years since the UN Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm?

<p>Stockholm+50 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment?

<p>Recognition of a healthy environment as essential for people (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key concept was introduced in the 1987 'Our Common Future' report?

<p>Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising future generations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event in 1992 focused on biodiversity and was ratified by 196 nations?

<p>Convention for Biological Diversity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development (Earth Summit)?

<p>Establishment of the UNEP Financial initiative (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the 8 Millennium Development Goals outlined in the 2000 Millennium Declaration?

<p>Target biodiversity loss (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of Agenda 21 adopted during the 1992 Earth Summit?

<p>To ensure sustainable development by the 21st century (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'sustainable development' imply?

<p>Balancing current needs without harming future generations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT a focus of the 1972 Stockholm Conference?

<p>Establishment of military alliances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is the Paris Agreement?

The Paris Agreement was a legally binding global climate deal adopted in 2015, aiming to keep global warming well below 2 degrees Celsius, ideally to 1.5 degrees Celsius.

What are the Sustainable Development Goals?

The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a blueprint for a better future, adopted in 2015 as part of the new agenda for sustainable development. They cover a wide range of issues, including poverty, hunger, health, education, equality, climate change, and sustainable cities.

What was Stockholm+50?

Stockholm+50 commemorated the 50th anniversary of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm, held in 2022. It aimed to assess progress made since the original conference and focus on future actions to address environmental challenges.

What is COP29?

COP29, scheduled for Baku in 2024, aims to significantly enhance international cooperation on climate change. It also focuses on strengthening action and implementation, and ensuring that the 1.5-degree Celsius target remains achievable.

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What is COP30?

COP30, planned for Belem in 2025, is expected to focus on issues related to biodiversity, particularly given its proximity to the Amazonian forest.

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1972: UN Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm)

The first international conference focused on the environment, leading to the creation of the UNEP (United Nations Environment Program) and laying the foundation for sustainable development.

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Our Common Future Report (1987)

A 1987 report that introduced the concept of sustainable development, defining it as development that meets current needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own.

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Convention for Biological Diversity (1992)

An international treaty aimed at conserving biodiversity by protecting ecosystems, species, and genetic resources.

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1992: UN Conference on Environment and Development (Rio de Janeiro)

A major UN conference that adopted the Rio Declaration, Agenda 21, and three key Rio Conventions related to biodiversity, climate change, and desertification.

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Millennium Development Goals (2000)

A set of eight goals established by the UN in 2000 to address global development challenges, including targets for biodiversity loss, forest cover, and access to drinking water.

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Rio+20 (2012)

A 2012 UN conference held 20 years after the Rio Earth Summit, aimed at assessing progress on sustainable development and addressing emerging challenges.

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Sustainable Development

A key concept that emphasizes the importance of meeting current needs without jeopardizing the ability of future generations to meet their own, promoting a balance between economic, social, and environmental considerations.

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UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme)

The UN Environmental Programme, established in 1972, plays a crucial role in coordinating international environmental efforts and advocating for sustainable development.

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Study Notes

1972 - United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm)

  • United Nations Conference on the Human Environment
  • Formation of the UNEP (UN Environment Program)
  • First step towards sustainable development
  • International environmental law
  • Recognition of a healthy environment for people

1987 - Our Common Future Report

  • Created the World Commission on Environmental Development
  • Guiding principles of sustainable development
  • New approach to environmental action – sustainable development
  • Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

1992 - United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (Rio de Janeiro)

  • Also known as "Earth Summit"
  • 175 countries adopted the Rio Declaration
  • Agenda 21 – reach sustainable development by the 21st century
  • 3 Rio Conventions : Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification
  • UNEP Financial Initiative – work with banks/insurers to create a sustainable finance sector

2000 - Millennium Declaration

  • Outlines the 8 Millennium Development Goals
  • Goal 7 targets for biodiversity loss, forest cover, and access to drinking water

2012 - Rio+20

  • 20 years after the UN Conference on Environment and Development in Rio
  • Established new universal members of the UNEP
  • New era of environmental governance

2015 - UNFCCC - COP 21 (Paris)

  • Paris agreement – first legally binding global climate deal
  • Keep global warming well below 2°C, preferably under 1.5°C

2015 - 17 Sustainable Development Goals

  • Humanity's blueprint for a better future
  • 17 goals part of the new agenda for sustainable development
  • Focus areas include: Life Below Water, Life on Land, Climate Action, Clean Water and Sanitation, and Affordable and Clean Energy.

2022 - Stockholm+50

  • Commemorates 50 years since the UN Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm

2024 - COP 29 Baku

  • Significantly enhance international cooperation
  • Enhancing action and implementation
  • Keeping 1.5°C within reach

2025 - COP 30 in Belem

  • Close to the Amazonian forest – likely to focus on biodiversity

2030 - Stockholm+50

  • What have we done until now?
  • Do we need further action? – Yes (Spoiler alert).

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Test your knowledge on pivotal environmental conferences between 1972 and 1992, including key events, agreements, and principles that shaped global environmental policies. Explore the origins of sustainable development and international environmental law through quizzes based on the United Nations conferences.

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