14 Questions
Match the following technologies with their main features:
Aerobic technologies of water treatment = Reliably traditional Anaerobic technologies of solid waste treatment = Refreshingly modern Genomics and systems microbiology = Extended range of possibilities Metabolic engineering = Advances in environmental management
Match the following topics with their groupings in Comprehensive Biotechnology:
Chemistry of Waste Treatment = Section 3 - Waste Management and Pollution Control Activated Sludge Type Processes = Microbiology and Ecology Solid Wastes = Anaerobic Reactors Control and Instrumentation = Fixed Film Systems
Match the following achievements with the field of environmental biotechnology:
Recognition of self-cleaning potential of natural ecosystems = Major achievement Development of nanotechnologies = Effective environmental management
Match the following factors with their impact on biodegradation rates:
Bioavailability of hydrophobic pollutants = Low availability of pollutants for microbial degradation Catabolite repression = Inhibition of enzyme activity by other compounds Inducible enzymes = Enzymes that are activated in the presence of specific compounds Electron donors/acceptors = Compounds necessary for microbial metabolism during biodegradation
Match the following statements with their correct explanation:
PCBs are nonpoint source pollutants. = PCBs are widely distributed in the environment at low concentrations Dead-end metabolites inhibit catabolic enzymes. = Metabolites that do not further degrade can interfere with enzyme function Biosupplementation improves biodegradation. = Addition of necessary compounds like carbon source enhances microbial degradation Genetically engineered microorganisms enhance biodegradation. = Modified microbes are introduced to improve pollutant breakdown capabilities
Match the following pollutants with their characteristics:
PCBs = Persistent compounds that may release dangerous metabolites in ecosystems Hydroxylated metabolites = Metabolites of PCBs that exhibit higher toxicity than the parent compounds Toxicity of PAHs = Chemicals known for being toxic and persistent in the environment Low-dose exposure of PCBs = Long-term exposure to PCBs at levels difficult to detect using short-term tests
Environmental management practitioners do not benefit from advances in metabolic engineering according to the text.
False
One of the major achievements of environmental biotechnology is the ineffective self-cleaning potential of natural ecosystems.
False
Biodegradation rates observed in laboratory tests using various microcosms or pure cultures always match the actual biodegradation rates observed in the field.
False
The low biodegradation rates commonly observed in the environment are well understood and mainly relate to the absence of suitable electron donors and acceptors.
False
PCBs are recognized as nonpoint source pollutants due to their high biodegradation rates in both aerobic and anaerobic environments.
False
Improving biodegradation in the field can involve biosupplementation with limiting compounds like specific inducers.
True
The acute toxicity of PCBs is relatively high compared to their hydroxylated metabolites.
False
Incomplete biotransformation of persistent compounds like PCBs can lead to the release of harmless metabolites in the ecosystems.
False
Explore the dual nature of environmental biotechnology, blending traditional methods with modern advancements. This quiz delves into the current and evolving technologies for water and solid waste treatment, offering insights into the extended possibilities for scientists.
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