ENV 200: Global Warming and Climate Change
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Questions and Answers

What determines the temperature of Earth?

  • The amount of sunlight Earth receives and the atmospheric retention of re-radiated heat (correct)
  • The amount of sunlight Earth reflects and atmospheric retention of re-radiated heat
  • The amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and Earth's distance from the Sun
  • The amount of water vapor in the atmosphere and Earth's axial tilt

What is the main reason for the increase in greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere?

  • Changes in the Earth's magnetic field and solar flare activity
  • Agriculture, deforestation, and burning of fossil fuels (correct)
  • Increase in Earth's axial tilt and changes in Earth's orbit
  • Volcanic eruptions and natural wildfires

What would happen to the Earth's surface if there was no greenhouse effect?

  • The Earth would be much hotter and humid
  • Most of the surface water would be frozen (correct)
  • The Earth's atmosphere would disappear
  • Most of the surface water would evaporate

What is the main function of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere?

<p>To absorb infrared radiation from the Earth's surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has been the trend in carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere over the past few centuries?

<p>A rapid increase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the natural phenomenon that occurs on Earth and other planets, where certain gases in the atmosphere trap heat?

<p>The greenhouse effect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of atmospheric aerosols on air mean temperature in the USA?

<p>A decrease of around 1°C (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of drought on the global warming process?

<p>It accelerates global warming due to the decrease in growth of trees and other plants. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of particles of ash and sulfur dioxide on incoming solar radiation?

<p>They scatter incoming solar radiation, counterbalancing the effect of greenhouse gases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the projected consequence of global warming on glaciers?

<p>They will shrink rapidly. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of wildfires on the atmosphere?

<p>They add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of global warming on ecosystems?

<p>They will collapse and become less diverse. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of a rise in Earth's temperature, according to the concept of radiative forcing?

<p>The Earth receives more incoming energy from sunlight than it radiates to space (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What period of climate history is associated with increased solar radiation?

<p>The Medieval Warm Period (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which volcanic eruptions influence the climate?

<p>The reflection of sunlight by aerosols (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the observed trend in the troposphere and stratosphere since 1975 that contradicts the expectation of a hotter sun?

<p>The troposphere has warmed while the stratosphere has cooled (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of solar variation in climate change over geological timescales?

<p>It is the main driver of climate change over geological timescales (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of a negative radiative forcing?

<p>A net loss of energy and cooling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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