Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of dissecting the head and thorax of mosquitoes?
What is the purpose of dissecting the head and thorax of mosquitoes?
- To determine the parous rate
- To extract the midgut and ovaries
- To observe the sporozoites
- To extract the salivary glands (correct)
What is the location of the oocysts in the mosquito?
What is the location of the oocysts in the mosquito?
- Salivary glands
- Ovaries
- Thorax
- Midgut (correct)
What is the parous rate of mosquitoes determined by?
What is the parous rate of mosquitoes determined by?
- Dissection of the ovaries (correct)
- Dissection of the midgut
- Dissection of the salivary glands
- Observation of sporozoites
What is the magnification used to observe the sporozoites?
What is the magnification used to observe the sporozoites?
What is the purpose of dissecting the abdomen of mosquitoes?
What is the purpose of dissecting the abdomen of mosquitoes?
What is the location of the sporozoites in the mosquito?
What is the location of the sporozoites in the mosquito?
What is the shape of the sporozoites?
What is the shape of the sporozoites?
What is the source of the schematic diagrams of the salivary glands and oocysts?
What is the source of the schematic diagrams of the salivary glands and oocysts?
What is the primary purpose of collecting and preserving arthropods in field entomology?
What is the primary purpose of collecting and preserving arthropods in field entomology?
What is the main disadvantage of using potassium or sodium cyanide as a killing agent?
What is the main disadvantage of using potassium or sodium cyanide as a killing agent?
What is the function of glycerol in preserving fluids?
What is the function of glycerol in preserving fluids?
What is the concentration of ethyl alcohol commonly used as a preserving fluid?
What is the concentration of ethyl alcohol commonly used as a preserving fluid?
Why is it important to prevent killing agents from wetting the insects?
Why is it important to prevent killing agents from wetting the insects?
What is the advantage of using ethyl acetate as a killing agent?
What is the advantage of using ethyl acetate as a killing agent?
What is the primary purpose of using laboratory techniques in field entomology?
What is the primary purpose of using laboratory techniques in field entomology?
What is the significance of close observation of preserved specimens in field entomology?
What is the significance of close observation of preserved specimens in field entomology?
What is the method of collecting Pediculus capitis?
What is the method of collecting Pediculus capitis?
What is the recommended solution for preserving nucleic acids in specimens?
What is the recommended solution for preserving nucleic acids in specimens?
How are scabies mites typically collected?
How are scabies mites typically collected?
Why is it necessary to change the preserving fluid after a few weeks?
Why is it necessary to change the preserving fluid after a few weeks?
What is the purpose of using a black plate in collecting Scrub Typhus Mites?
What is the purpose of using a black plate in collecting Scrub Typhus Mites?
What is the medium used to observe mites?
What is the medium used to observe mites?
What is the primary purpose of using entomological pins in displaying adult insects?
What is the primary purpose of using entomological pins in displaying adult insects?
Where are Pediculus humanus lice commonly found?
Where are Pediculus humanus lice commonly found?
What is the recommended material for writing data on specimen labels?
What is the recommended material for writing data on specimen labels?
Where are Pthirus pubis lice commonly found?
Where are Pthirus pubis lice commonly found?
What is the purpose of painting the storage box with naphthalene, chloroform, Beachwood, and creosote in a 6:1:1:4 ratio?
What is the purpose of painting the storage box with naphthalene, chloroform, Beachwood, and creosote in a 6:1:1:4 ratio?
What is the ideal location to pierce the entomological pin through the insect?
What is the ideal location to pierce the entomological pin through the insect?
What is the purpose of refrigerating the preserved specimen?
What is the purpose of refrigerating the preserved specimen?
What information should be included on a specimen label?
What information should be included on a specimen label?
What is the primary purpose of using a D-net in mosquito sampling?
What is the primary purpose of using a D-net in mosquito sampling?
What is the function of the fine mesh screen in a Pint Dipper?
What is the function of the fine mesh screen in a Pint Dipper?
What is the purpose of using a quadrat in mosquito sampling?
What is the purpose of using a quadrat in mosquito sampling?
What is the mechanism by which a CDC Light Trap captures mosquitoes?
What is the mechanism by which a CDC Light Trap captures mosquitoes?
What is the primary function of a Mosquito Magnet?
What is the primary function of a Mosquito Magnet?
What is the purpose of using a Laddle in mosquito sampling?
What is the purpose of using a Laddle in mosquito sampling?
What is the mechanism by which Human Landing Catches (HLC) work?
What is the mechanism by which Human Landing Catches (HLC) work?
What is the primary purpose of using an aspirator in mosquito sampling?
What is the primary purpose of using an aspirator in mosquito sampling?
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Study Notes
General Introduction
- Entomological techniques include collecting and preserving arthropods, laboratory techniques, and field techniques.
- Close observation of preserved specimens helps in understanding morphology, systematics, evolution, taxonomy, and developmental biology.
Laboratory Techniques
- Killing agents used to kill insects include potassium or sodium cyanide, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ether.
- Ethyl acetate is slower than chloroform but preserves insect bodies better.
- Killing agents should not wet the insects to prevent damage to taxonomic characters.
- Preserving fluids include ethyl alcohol (70-80% concentration) with 30% glycerol to prevent drying.
- Liquid formaldehyde can be used, but it hardens the specimen.
- Carnoy solution (95% ethyl alcohol + 45% acetic acid 1:1) is recommended for preserving nucleic acids.
Pinning Adult Insects
- Adult insects are pinned into display boxes (Schmidt box) for study.
- Rust-free entomological pins or pins covered with black lacquer are used.
- The pin is pierced through the middle thorax between the coxa and the first segment of the insect's leg.
Labelling Specimens
- Labels should include collection date, location, and species identification.
- Data is written with a pencil or Indian ink.
- Labels for fluid-preserved specimens are written with a pencil or glued outside the tube.
Dissection of Mosquitoes
- Dissection of the head and thorax is done to extract salivary glands.
- Dissection of the abdomen is done to extract midguts and ovaries.
- Oocysts in the midgut and sporozoites in the salivary glands can be observed.
Field Techniques
- Techniques for collecting arthropods include pinning adult insects, labelling specimens, and dissection of mosquitoes.
- Techniques for collecting lice, mites, and chiggers include:
- Cutting hairs and fibres from clothing
- Collecting mites from skin
- Using black plates to collect chiggers from vegetation
- Techniques for collecting mosquito larvae include:
- Using a laddle to dip into the water
- Using a pint-dipper to collect larvae
- Using a D-net to collect organic particles and plants
- Using a quadrat to measure population index of larvae
- Techniques for collecting adult mosquitoes include:
- Using aspirators (hand or backpack)
- Using CDC light traps with CO2 and down draft
- Using the Mosquito Magnet with CO2 and attractant
- Using human landing catches to monitor population changes
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