18 Questions
Which equation correctly represents the relationship between internal energy and enthalpy for an ideal gas?
H = U + PV
What is the specific heat ratio (k) for an ideal gas in terms of specific heats at constant volume and pressure?
k = Cp / Cv
In a thermodynamic system, what does enthalpy (H) represent?
Total heat content of the system
What is the formula for calculating enthalpy (H) using internal energy (U), pressure (P), and volume (V)?
H = U + PV
How is the internal energy (U) of an ideal gas related to the temperature (T)?
U is a function of temperature
If the volume of an ideal gas decreases at constant pressure, what happens to its enthalpy?
Enthalpy decreases
In the context of the First Law of Thermodynamics, if a system gains heat and has work done on itself, how would the internal energy change be represented?
Positive
For a system with constant volume (ΔV=0) and no work done on it, what is the relationship between heat (q) and internal energy change (ΔU)?
ΔU = q
If a system undergoes an exothermic process, how would the heat transfer (q) be represented?
Negative
In a thermodynamic process where work is done but no heat transfer occurs, what is the relationship between internal energy change (ΔU) and work done (w)?
ΔU = -w
If a system has a non-zero change in volume (ΔV≠0), which term usually contributes to the work done (w) in the First Law of Thermodynamics equation?
-PΔV
When calculating the internal energy change of a system, why does an increase in heat in the surroundings lead to a decrease in heat for the system?
Heat is neither created nor destroyed in a closed system
What does the first law of thermodynamics state?
Energy is conserved and can be converted between different forms
Which of the following best describes internal energy in a system?
Internal energy encompasses all the energy within a system
In the context of thermodynamics, what is the relationship between work and heat?
Work and heat together allow systems to exchange energy
What is the significance of the pV diagram in thermodynamics?
It shows the change in volume with respect to pressure for a system
Why is internal energy an important factor in understanding work and heat transfers?
Internal energy affects how much work can be done by a system
If a system does 200 J of work onto its surroundings and loses 100 J of heat, what is the change in internal energy of the system?
-300 J
Explore the mathematical relationship between heat, work, and internal energy in ideal gases. Learn how internal energy is solely dependent on temperature and understand the connection between internal energy and enthalpy for ideal gases.
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