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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a Gram-negative, kidney-shaped cocci usually arranged in pairs and is oxidase-positive?
Which of the following is a Gram-negative, kidney-shaped cocci usually arranged in pairs and is oxidase-positive?
- Salmonella spp.
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae (correct)
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Escherichia coli
Which bacteria is capnophilic and requires a temperature of 36-39°C for growth?
Which bacteria is capnophilic and requires a temperature of 36-39°C for growth?
- Salmonella spp.
- Escherichia coli
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae (correct)
Which bacteria is known to be non-motile and nutritionally fastidious, especially on clinical specimens?
Which bacteria is known to be non-motile and nutritionally fastidious, especially on clinical specimens?
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae (correct)
- Salmonella spp.
- Escherichia coli
Which bacteria is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family and is a common cause of urinary tract infections?
Which bacteria is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family and is a common cause of urinary tract infections?
Which bacteria is associated with causing whooping cough?
Which bacteria is associated with causing whooping cough?
Which bacteria is known for its association with cholera?
Which bacteria is known for its association with cholera?
Which species of Neisseria is commonly found in the oral cavity, nose, and pharynx?
Which species of Neisseria is commonly found in the oral cavity, nose, and pharynx?
What is the major aetiological agent of upper respiratory tract infections and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis?
What is the major aetiological agent of upper respiratory tract infections and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis?
Which organism is known for causing opportunistic meningitis and endocarditis?
Which organism is known for causing opportunistic meningitis and endocarditis?
What is the mortality rate associated with untreated meningococcal meningitis?
What is the mortality rate associated with untreated meningococcal meningitis?
Which Neisseria species is resistant to β-lactams?
Which Neisseria species is resistant to β-lactams?
How is N. meningitidis transmitted?
How is N. meningitidis transmitted?
Which bacteria are fastidious slow-growing residents of the mouth and can cause severe infections, particularly endocarditis?
Which bacteria are fastidious slow-growing residents of the mouth and can cause severe infections, particularly endocarditis?
Which group of bacteria includes Haemophilus spp., Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella kingae?
Which group of bacteria includes Haemophilus spp., Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella kingae?
Which bacteria are characterized by being capnophilic, Gram-negative, short coccobacilli, and capable of corroding agar surfaces?
Which bacteria are characterized by being capnophilic, Gram-negative, short coccobacilli, and capable of corroding agar surfaces?
What are the predisposition factors for infections caused by Eikenella corrodens?
What are the predisposition factors for infections caused by Eikenella corrodens?
How are infections caused by Eikenella corrodens typically transmitted?
How are infections caused by Eikenella corrodens typically transmitted?
Which bacterial family includes fastidious slow-growing bacteria resident in the mouth and causing severe infections, particularly endocarditis?
Which bacterial family includes fastidious slow-growing bacteria resident in the mouth and causing severe infections, particularly endocarditis?
Which bacterium causes typhoid fever and can be prevented by proper cooking and vaccination?
Which bacterium causes typhoid fever and can be prevented by proper cooking and vaccination?
What is the reason for avoiding antibiotics in the treatment of inflammatory diarrhea caused by Shigella spp.?
What is the reason for avoiding antibiotics in the treatment of inflammatory diarrhea caused by Shigella spp.?
Which bacterium can cause severe pneumonia and urinary tract infections, especially in hospitalized patients?
Which bacterium can cause severe pneumonia and urinary tract infections, especially in hospitalized patients?
Which bacterium is associated with nosocomial urinary tract infections and is Gram-negative?
Which bacterium is associated with nosocomial urinary tract infections and is Gram-negative?
Which bacterium is common in the environment, can cause nosocomial infections, especially in burns patients, and is resistant to most antimicrobial agents?
Which bacterium is common in the environment, can cause nosocomial infections, especially in burns patients, and is resistant to most antimicrobial agents?
Which bacterium is not associated with periodontal infections, is Gram-negative, and is found in the oral cavity of up to 25% of the population?
Which bacterium is not associated with periodontal infections, is Gram-negative, and is found in the oral cavity of up to 25% of the population?
Which bacterium is known for its association with cholera?
Which bacterium is known for its association with cholera?
What is the major aetiological agent of upper respiratory tract infections and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis?
What is the major aetiological agent of upper respiratory tract infections and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis?
Which bacterium is implicated in food poisoning?
Which bacterium is implicated in food poisoning?
Which bacterium is associated with nosocomial urinary tract infections and is Gram-negative?
Which bacterium is associated with nosocomial urinary tract infections and is Gram-negative?
Which bacterium causes dysentery?
Which bacterium causes dysentery?
Which bacterium is characterized by being capnophilic, Gram-negative, short coccobacilli, and capable of corroding agar surfaces?
Which bacterium is characterized by being capnophilic, Gram-negative, short coccobacilli, and capable of corroding agar surfaces?
Which of the following is true about Vibrio cholerae?
Which of the following is true about Vibrio cholerae?
What is a characteristic of Campylobacter spp.?
What is a characteristic of Campylobacter spp.?
What is the method used for diagnostic testing of Helicobacter pylori?
What is the method used for diagnostic testing of Helicobacter pylori?
Which statement is true about the pathogenicity of Vibrio cholerae?
Which statement is true about the pathogenicity of Vibrio cholerae?
What is a characteristic of Wolinella spp.?
What is a characteristic of Wolinella spp.?
What is the significance of Helicobacter pylori in relation to gastric cancer?
What is the significance of Helicobacter pylori in relation to gastric cancer?
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Study Notes
Enterobacteria and Related Pathogens
- Typhoid fever caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi and Paratyphi; can be prevented by proper cooking and vaccination
- Typhoid Mary, an asymptomatic carrier, infected many people and was quarantined for nearly three decades
- Shigella spp. cause inflammatory diarrhea and are treated with fluid replacement; antibiotics are avoided due to resistance
- Klebsiellae, including Klebsiella pneumoniae, can cause severe pneumonia and urinary tract infections, especially in hospitalized patients
- Enterobacter spp. and Serratia spp. can also cause nosocomial urinary tract infections
- Pseudomonas spp., including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are common in the environment and can cause nosocomial infections, especially in burns patients
- Enterobacteria are not associated with periodontal infections, are Gram-negative, and are found in the oral cavity of up to 25% of the population
- Klebsiella pneumoniae has a polysaccharide capsule
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important agent of nosocomial infections, resistant to most antimicrobial agents, and produces extracellular slime that resists phagocytosis
- Yersinia pestis causes plague, while Vibrio cholerae causes life-threatening watery diarrhea; both have distinctive morphological features
- Vibrio cholerae secretes an enterotoxin, causing rapid onset of symptoms
- Treatment and prevention of V. cholerae infection involves fluid and electrolyte replacement, oral rehydration therapy, and tetracycline if necessary
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