36 Questions
Which of the following is a Gram-negative, kidney-shaped cocci usually arranged in pairs and is oxidase-positive?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Which bacteria is capnophilic and requires a temperature of 36-39°C for growth?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Which bacteria is known to be non-motile and nutritionally fastidious, especially on clinical specimens?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Which bacteria is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family and is a common cause of urinary tract infections?
Escherichia coli
Which bacteria is associated with causing whooping cough?
Bordetella pertussis
Which bacteria is known for its association with cholera?
Vibrio cholerae
Which species of Neisseria is commonly found in the oral cavity, nose, and pharynx?
Neisseria subflava
What is the major aetiological agent of upper respiratory tract infections and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis?
Haemophilus influenzae
Which organism is known for causing opportunistic meningitis and endocarditis?
Moraxella spp.
What is the mortality rate associated with untreated meningococcal meningitis?
80%
Which Neisseria species is resistant to β-lactams?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
How is N. meningitidis transmitted?
Droplet spread
Which bacteria are fastidious slow-growing residents of the mouth and can cause severe infections, particularly endocarditis?
Eikenella corrodens
Which group of bacteria includes Haemophilus spp., Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella kingae?
HACEK group bacteria
Which bacteria are characterized by being capnophilic, Gram-negative, short coccobacilli, and capable of corroding agar surfaces?
Capnocytophaga
What are the predisposition factors for infections caused by Eikenella corrodens?
Trauma to mucosal surface
How are infections caused by Eikenella corrodens typically transmitted?
Through human bites or fist-fight injuries
Which bacterial family includes fastidious slow-growing bacteria resident in the mouth and causing severe infections, particularly endocarditis?
Neisseriaceae
Which bacterium causes typhoid fever and can be prevented by proper cooking and vaccination?
Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi
What is the reason for avoiding antibiotics in the treatment of inflammatory diarrhea caused by Shigella spp.?
Due to resistance
Which bacterium can cause severe pneumonia and urinary tract infections, especially in hospitalized patients?
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Which bacterium is associated with nosocomial urinary tract infections and is Gram-negative?
Enterobacter spp.
Which bacterium is common in the environment, can cause nosocomial infections, especially in burns patients, and is resistant to most antimicrobial agents?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Which bacterium is not associated with periodontal infections, is Gram-negative, and is found in the oral cavity of up to 25% of the population?
Enterobacteria
Which bacterium is known for its association with cholera?
Vibrio cholerae
What is the major aetiological agent of upper respiratory tract infections and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis?
Haemophilus influenzae
Which bacterium is implicated in food poisoning?
Campylobacter spp.
Which bacterium is associated with nosocomial urinary tract infections and is Gram-negative?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Which bacterium causes dysentery?
Vibrio cholerae
Which bacterium is characterized by being capnophilic, Gram-negative, short coccobacilli, and capable of corroding agar surfaces?
Haemophilus influenzae
Which of the following is true about Vibrio cholerae?
They are Gram-negative, highly motile slightly curved rods
What is a characteristic of Campylobacter spp.?
They are implicated in food poisoning
What is the method used for diagnostic testing of Helicobacter pylori?
Breath test measuring exhaled carbon dioxide after swallowing urea
Which statement is true about the pathogenicity of Vibrio cholerae?
It is due to the production of cholera toxin leading to severe watery diarrhea
What is a characteristic of Wolinella spp.?
They are curved or helical Gram-negative rods
What is the significance of Helicobacter pylori in relation to gastric cancer?
It may play a role in the development of gastric cancer
Study Notes
Enterobacteria and Related Pathogens
- Typhoid fever caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi and Paratyphi; can be prevented by proper cooking and vaccination
- Typhoid Mary, an asymptomatic carrier, infected many people and was quarantined for nearly three decades
- Shigella spp. cause inflammatory diarrhea and are treated with fluid replacement; antibiotics are avoided due to resistance
- Klebsiellae, including Klebsiella pneumoniae, can cause severe pneumonia and urinary tract infections, especially in hospitalized patients
- Enterobacter spp. and Serratia spp. can also cause nosocomial urinary tract infections
- Pseudomonas spp., including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are common in the environment and can cause nosocomial infections, especially in burns patients
- Enterobacteria are not associated with periodontal infections, are Gram-negative, and are found in the oral cavity of up to 25% of the population
- Klebsiella pneumoniae has a polysaccharide capsule
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important agent of nosocomial infections, resistant to most antimicrobial agents, and produces extracellular slime that resists phagocytosis
- Yersinia pestis causes plague, while Vibrio cholerae causes life-threatening watery diarrhea; both have distinctive morphological features
- Vibrio cholerae secretes an enterotoxin, causing rapid onset of symptoms
- Treatment and prevention of V. cholerae infection involves fluid and electrolyte replacement, oral rehydration therapy, and tetracycline if necessary
Test your knowledge of Enterobacteria and related pathogens with this quiz. Explore topics such as typhoid fever, Shigella spp., Klebsiellae, Pseudomonas spp., Yersinia pestis, and Vibrio cholerae. Practice identifying distinctive morphological features and understanding treatment and prevention methods.
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