ENS 305 Final Exam Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What percentage points is the mean overall RAT score higher than the mean individual score?

What is the total number of all homework and possible extra credit assignments?

What is your mean score based on the following team scores: 5, 6, 4, 5, 15?

Match the PT Programs with their type of measurement:

PT Program 1 = Norm referenced PT Program 2 = Criterion referenced Signup and view all the answers

How can you reach the top level of Bloom's in college?

Working on problems where at least some of the answers are unknown. Signup and view all the answers

What is the overall median tRAT letter grade?

B+ Signup and view all the answers

What type of thinking/learning is required to list all the levels of Bloom's Taxonomy in the correct order?

Remembering Signup and view all the answers

Which PT program will have the better students?

Cannot be determined from this information Signup and view all the answers

Which type of measurement is better at improving learning outcomes?

Formative Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of converting from an ordinal scale to a ratio scale?

Impossible, you don't know the exact distance between scores on the ordinal scale but you have to for the ratio scale. Signup and view all the answers

How many possible scores are there for the GPA restricted to two decimals?

400 Signup and view all the answers

What type of scale is used by a PT clinic labeling their patients as patient 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6?

Nominal Signup and view all the answers

How many possible scores are there for the GPA with 'unrestricted' decimals (0-4)?

Infinity Signup and view all the answers

Identify the scale for each column in the following table:

Column A = Nominal Column B = Ordinal Column C = Interval Column D = Ratio Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a constant value is subtracted from one of the variables in an equation?

All values are 20 points lower and the mean is twenty points lower. The correlation does not change because the fundamentals of the equation do not change. Signup and view all the answers

What should one look at when evaluating a measure for validity?

At the correlation, slope, and intercept because each addresses a different aspect of the total error. Signup and view all the answers

What must the vast majority of people do to learn something in depth?

Actively engage and work with material several times. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to look at primary sources of evidence?

Because the further one gets away from the 'source' of the information, the more likely it is to be incomplete, misleading or outright wrong. Signup and view all the answers

What factors of causal relationships does a randomized controlled trial address?

Correspondence, Precedence, Other explanations. Signup and view all the answers

In a sample for a parallel design RCT with 20 out of 100 people genetically predisposed to weight gain, how many of these 'genetically predisposed' subjects end up in the treatment group if randomized perfectly?

10 Signup and view all the answers

What should be considered when concluding a new nutritional supplement's efficacy for muscle hypertrophy based on an RCT?

The conclusion depends on many factors such as sample selection, size and randomization, quality of the control, blinding, etc. Signup and view all the answers

What does a crossover design RCT protect against better than any other study design?

Confounders that are 'time-varying' Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

RAT Scores

The iRAT mean score is 4.9 while the tRAT mean score is 5.9, resulting in an 8% higher overall mean RAT score compared to the individual iRAT score.

Homework Assignments

Total number of homework and possible extra credit assignments is 0.

Team Bonus Scores

The mean score from a team bonus with scores of 5, 6, 4, 5, and 15 is 7.

PT Programs Admission Criteria

PT Program 1 uses norm-referenced measurement, admitting only the top 10% of applicants.
PT Program 2 employs criterion-referenced measurement, focusing on students with GPA higher than 3.52.

Bloom's Taxonomy

Achieving the highest level of Bloom's taxonomy involves engaging with problems that have unknown answers.
Listing levels of Bloom's Taxonomy falls under the 'Remembering' level of thinking.

Student Assessment

The overall median tRAT letter grade is a B+ based on a median score of 10 and a maximum of 11 points.

Program Comparison

Determining which PT program has better students is not possible with provided information.

Measurement Types

Formative assessment is better suited for improving learning outcomes than summative assessment.
Converting from an ordinal scale to a ratio scale is impossible due to lack of exact score distances in ordinal measurement.

GPA Scoring

There are 400 possible GPA scores when restricted to two decimal places.
With unrestricted decimals (0-4), an infinite number of GPA scores is possible.

Data Scales in PT School

In a specified table,
- Student ID (Column A) is nominal,
- Rank of Applicants (Column B) is ordinal,
- Numeric GRE Score (Column C) is interval,
- Grade in PT school (Column D) is ratio.

Effect of Value Subtraction on Scores

Subtracting a constant reduces all values and the mean by that constant, but the correlation remains unchanged. Validity is compromised due to shifted values from their true positions.

Validity Assessment

Validity evaluation requires examination of correlation, slope, and intercept to understand various error aspects.

Depth of Learning

More than 90% of people need repeated active engagement with material for deep understanding, avoiding superficial retention.

Importance of Primary Sources

Analyzing primary sources is crucial as information can become less accurate the further it moves from the original source.

Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs)

RCTs assess causal relationships through factors like correspondence, precedence, and alternative explanations.

RCT Sample Distribution

In a parallel design RCT with 20 out of 100 genetically predisposed subjects, if randomized perfectly, 10 will end up in the treatment group.

RCT Results Interpretation

Conclusions from an RCT on nutritional supplements hinge on factors like sample selection, size, randomization quality, control, and blinding.

Crossover Design Advantage

Crossover design RCTs effectively address confounders better than parallel group design RCTs.

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Test your knowledge with these flashcards for the ENS 305 final exam. This quiz covers key calculations and concepts necessary for understanding your course assessments. Perfect for review before the exam!