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Questions and Answers
What type of qualitative variable is represented by marital status?
What type of qualitative variable is represented by marital status?
Which of the following is NOT an example of a nominal variable?
Which of the following is NOT an example of a nominal variable?
Which statement correctly describes quantitative variables?
Which statement correctly describes quantitative variables?
What is the purpose of conducting surveys in medical statistics?
What is the purpose of conducting surveys in medical statistics?
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Which type of survey collects data from every member of a community?
Which type of survey collects data from every member of a community?
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Which of the following methods does NOT represent a way to collect data?
Which of the following methods does NOT represent a way to collect data?
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What characteristic defines ordinal variables unlike nominal variables?
What characteristic defines ordinal variables unlike nominal variables?
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What is the main goal of data collection in medical statistics?
What is the main goal of data collection in medical statistics?
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What is the primary focus of medical statistics?
What is the primary focus of medical statistics?
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Which of the following describes discrete quantitative variables?
Which of the following describes discrete quantitative variables?
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What method is NOT commonly used in medical statistics?
What method is NOT commonly used in medical statistics?
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Which of the following is an example of a continuous quantitative variable?
Which of the following is an example of a continuous quantitative variable?
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Which function of medical statistics pertains to assessing health programs?
Which function of medical statistics pertains to assessing health programs?
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What is a characteristic of qualitative data?
What is a characteristic of qualitative data?
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What type of variable is represented by the number of chromosomes?
What type of variable is represented by the number of chromosomes?
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What does medical statistics NOT commonly analyze?
What does medical statistics NOT commonly analyze?
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Study Notes
Medical Statistics
- Medical statistics is the science of collecting, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting data in medical practice to understand associations and test hypotheses.
- Key aims of this field include presenting data in a clear manner, comparing health statuses in different areas and times, diagnosing community health issues, and evaluating medical programs.
Definition of Data
- Data is a collection of values of one or more variables collected from observational units or a numerical description of quantitative or qualitative aspects.
- Variables are values that can change from one person to another. Constants stay the same. For instance, the number of chromosomes is constant, whereas height is a variable.
Types of Data
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Quantitative Data:
- Continuous: Can take any value within a range, including fractions. Examples: height, blood pressure, cholesterol levels.
- Discrete/Discontinuous: Can only take specific numerical values, usually whole numbers. Examples: number of blood cells, hospital beds, or quiz scores.
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Qualitative Data:
- Nominal: Categories cannot be ordered. Examples: blood types (A, B, AB, O), sex (male, female), colors.
- Ordinal: Categories can be ordered. Examples: levels of agreement (strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree, strongly disagree), pain levels (mild, moderate, severe).
Methods of Data Collection
- Historical records: Use of censuses, vital statistics, epidemiological records, and scientific journals/textbooks.
- Experiments: Controlled procedures to test specific hypotheses.
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Surveys: Collecting data from a sample or all members in a community.
- Comprehensive Surveys: Collecting data from every member in the community. Useful in small communities like schools, villages, or factories.
- Sample Surveys: Collecting data from a representative sample of the population to generalize the results to the whole population.
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