Enlightened Absolutism
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary motivation behind Joseph II's introduction of policies allowing for tolerance of religions other than Catholicism?

  • To unify his empire and reduce religious conflicts (correct)
  • To favor Protestantism over Catholicism
  • To gain recognition from the Holy Roman Empire
  • To strengthen the Catholic Church's influence
  • What was the result of Joseph II's educational reforms?

  • The suppression of knowledge sharing
  • Increased access to education for the public (correct)
  • The decline of education among the common people
  • The exclusion of certain groups from education
  • Why did Joseph II acquire the best instructors for the University of Vienna?

  • To provide better education to the ruling class
  • To make the University of Vienna a renowned institution
  • To demonstrate his wealth and power
  • To improve the quality of education offered to the public (correct)
  • What was Joseph II's approach to justifying his policies?

    <p>He wrote essays to convince his people of the benefits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of Joseph II's policies regarding the ruling class?

    <p>To reduce their privileges and make them equal to commoners</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the status of the people before Joseph II's reforms?

    <p>They were mostly serfs with limited access to education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the relationship between the monarchy and the Catholic Church before Joseph II's reforms?

    <p>The monarchy was directly tied to the Catholic Church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Joseph II's policies, according to his assumption?

    <p>The people would enthusiastically support his changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the context of Joseph II's introduction of tolerant policies towards religions other than Catholicism?

    <p>During his reign as the monarch of the Holy Roman Empire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Joseph II's policies differ from those of Frederick II?

    <p>Joseph II's policies were more tolerant of other religions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Enlightened Absolutism

    • Definition: A method of ruling in which an absolutist monarch uses their powers to establish enlightened policies, claiming to rule in the best interests of their subjects.
    • Combination of two opposing ideologies: Absolutism (monarch has absolute control) and Enlightenment (individual rights and government's responsibility to protect them).

    Characteristics of Enlightened Absolutism

    • Commitment to supporting the arts
    • Expanding access to education for the public
    • Absolute power of the monarchy
    • Granting freedom of speech

    Examples of Enlightened Absolutists

    • Catherine II (Catherine the Great) of Russia (1762-1796)
      • Reformed cultural development, art, music, and architecture
      • Supported scientific researchers and philosophers
      • Modernized Russia's infrastructure and urban cities
      • Created an educational institution for women
    • Frederick II (Frederick the Great) of Prussia (1740-1786)
      • Made limited reforms, including policies for free expression of ideas
      • Opened public offices to non-noble individuals
      • Removed some middle-class privileges
      • Retained policies punishing certain ideas or religious affiliations
    • Joseph II of the Holy Roman Empire (1765-1790)
      • Introduced policies for religious tolerance
      • Implemented educational reforms for greater access to education
      • Attempted to remove ruling class privileges
      • Wrote essays to justify his policies
    • Louis XV of France (failed to create enlightened policies)
      • Allowed Voltaire to live and express ideas in France
      • Did not create policies supporting his citizens' rights

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    Description

    Learn about the concept of enlightened absolutism, a system of government where an absolute monarch implements policies for the greater good of their subjects.

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