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Questions and Answers
Which technology replaced vacuum tubes in computers?
Which technology replaced vacuum tubes in computers?
What was the main memory storing programs and data in the ENIAC?
What was the main memory storing programs and data in the ENIAC?
Which organization did the UNIVAC I become a part of in the late 1950s?
Which organization did the UNIVAC I become a part of in the late 1950s?
When was the UNIVAC I completed and put into use?
When was the UNIVAC I completed and put into use?
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Who invented transistors as a replacement for vacuum tubes?
Who invented transistors as a replacement for vacuum tubes?
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What does Moore's Law state regarding the number of transistors on a chip?
What does Moore's Law state regarding the number of transistors on a chip?
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Which year was the first microprocessor, Intel 4004, introduced?
Which year was the first microprocessor, Intel 4004, introduced?
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What is the significance of small scale integration in the development of computers?
What is the significance of small scale integration in the development of computers?
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What was the main advantage of using semiconductor memory over core memory?
What was the main advantage of using semiconductor memory over core memory?
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Which computer is known as the first minicomputer?
Which computer is known as the first minicomputer?
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What was the power consumption of ENIAC?
What was the power consumption of ENIAC?
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How many accumulators of 10 digits were there in ENIAC?
How many accumulators of 10 digits were there in ENIAC?
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Which organization utilized UNIVAC I for census calculations?
Which organization utilized UNIVAC I for census calculations?
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When was the UNIVAC II completed and put into use?
When was the UNIVAC II completed and put into use?
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What type of device replaced vacuum tubes in computers?
What type of device replaced vacuum tubes in computers?
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What was the significance of the IBM 7000 series of computers?
What was the significance of the IBM 7000 series of computers?
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What was the main advancement introduced by the Intel 8008 microprocessor in 1972?
What was the main advancement introduced by the Intel 8008 microprocessor in 1972?
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What was the primary reason for the slower growth in memory speed compared to processor speed, as mentioned in the text?
What was the primary reason for the slower growth in memory speed compared to processor speed, as mentioned in the text?
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What was the key feature of the DEC PDP-1 that distinguished it as a significant innovation?
What was the key feature of the DEC PDP-1 that distinguished it as a significant innovation?
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What technological advancement marked a significant shift from large scale to very large scale integration in chip manufacturing?
What technological advancement marked a significant shift from large scale to very large scale integration in chip manufacturing?
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Study Notes
Replacing Vacuum Tubes
- Transistors replaced vacuum tubes in computers, invented by John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley as a replacement.
ENIAC
- The main memory in ENIAC stored programs and data using patch cords and switches.
- ENIAC had a power consumption of 150 kW.
- There were 20 accumulators of 10 digits in ENIAC.
UNIVAC I
- UNIVAC I was completed and put into use in 1951.
- The United States Census Bureau utilized UNIVAC I for census calculations.
- UNIVAC I became a part of the Remington Rand organization in the late 1950s.
- UNIVAC II was completed and put into use in 1958.
Microprocessors
- The first microprocessor, Intel 4004, was introduced in 1971.
- The Intel 8008 microprocessor introduced the main advancement of 8-bit processing in 1972.
Memory and Integration
- Small scale integration (SSI) was significant in the development of computers as it allowed for more transistors on a chip.
- Moore's Law states that the number of transistors on a chip doubles approximately every two years.
- Semiconductor memory had the main advantage of being faster and more reliable than core memory.
- The key feature of the DEC PDP-1 was its interactive, real-time capabilities, distinguishing it as a significant innovation.
- The shift from large scale integration (LSI) to very large scale integration (VLSI) marked a significant technological advancement in chip manufacturing.
Computers
- The IBM 7000 series of computers was significant for its use of transistors.
- The DEC PDP-8 is known as the first minicomputer.
- The primary reason for the slower growth in memory speed compared to processor speed was the more complex manufacturing process required for memory chips.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the background and details of the ENIAC, the first general-purpose electronic digital computer. Learn about its history, specifications, and usage during the mid-20th century.
