English Language: Vocabulary and Grammar

Study Notes

When referring to the object of trust, the correct pronoun is whom (e.g., "He is the friend whom I trust most.").
When expressing a preference between two things, use over (e.g., "Julia prefers tea over coffee.").
In the third conditional, the correct verb form is would have (e.g., "If a ruby is heated, it would temporarily lose its color.").
When asking for confirmation, use do you or don't you (e.g., "You have done well, don't you?").

When asking someone to do something, use the -ing form of the verb (e.g., "Would you mind moving your car?").
In spite of or despite are used to indicate that something happened even though something else might have prevented it (e.g., "In spite of his hard work, he failed his exam.").

In a sentence asking about performance or achievement, the correct response is "haven't you" (e.g., "You have done well, haven't you?")

To express a polite request, use the verb "mind" with the gerund form of the verb (e.g., "Would you mind moving your car?")

To express contrast or unexpected result, use "despite" or "in spite of" (e.g., "Despite his hard work, he failed his exam.")
Use "before" to indicate a necessary action preceding another action (e.g., "Look before you leap.")

Use the indefinite article "a" before a common noun (e.g., "my brother-in-law is a university professor.")

The word "candid" means "truthful" or "honest"
Use "sensitive" to describe someone who is easily affected by the feelings of others

Use the present conditional tense to express a hypothetical situation and its consequence (e.g., "If Anna had some money, she would go to the movies.")