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Questions and Answers
What is the primary role of English for non-Jewish migrants in Israel?
as a lingua franca for communication with employers, authorities, and Israelis
Why might knowledge of English replace the need to learn Hebrew for some non-Jewish migrants?
because they are expected to leave Israel after a few years and do not know where they will go
What is the primary language used for services provided to non-Jewish migrants in Israel?
English, with limited translations in their native languages
What is the social significance of English in Israel?
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Who may face difficulties in achieving the same level of English proficiency as native Hebrew speakers?
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What is the cultural significance of English for ultra-Orthodox Jews?
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Why do ultra-Orthodox Jews face difficulties in learning English?
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What is the role of English among Jews around the world?
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What is the significance of Hebrew in Israel?
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What is the conclusion about the English language in Israel?
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Study Notes
English Language Education Policy in Israel
- English language education policy in Israel is shaped by the varying social meanings of the language throughout the country's history.
Historical Background
- During the British Mandate of Palestine, English was imposed as an official language alongside Arabic and Hebrew.
- With the rise of Zionism and the establishment of the State of Israel, English was excluded and regarded as the language of British imperialism.
- Currently, American influence is strong, and English is regarded as an asset in a globalized world.
Impact of Israeli-Arab Conflict
- The prolonged Israeli-Arab conflict has affected the status of English in Israel.
- The 1948 war led to a massive exodus, destruction of Palestinian villages, and the arrival of additional waves of Jewish immigrants.
Language Policy in Israel
- Hebrew and Arabic are the official languages of Israel.
- English was revoked as an official language shortly after the establishment of Israel.
- Hebrew has been a compulsory subject in Arab schools since 1948.
- Arabic was made compulsory in Jewish schools in 1996, but its status is far from symmetrical with Hebrew.
Demographics and Language Use
- Arabs make up 20.7% of the population in Israel (Central Bureau of Statistics 2013).
- English is of great value to non-Jewish migrants in Israel as a lingua franca.
- Knowledge of English may replace the need to learn Hebrew for many migrants.
- English is the main tool for many migrants to communicate with Israelis.
Challenges and Inequalities
- Not all members of Israeli society have the same access to English learning, English-language media, and English-language contacts.
- Palestinians and Jewish immigrants may prioritize mastering Hebrew due to its strong status in the country.
- Ultra-Orthodox Jews may view English as a cultural threat, and religious and cultural complications prevent them from learning English at a high level.
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Description
This quiz explores the history and social meanings of English language education policy in Israel, from the British Mandate to the establishment of the State.
