English-I and Principles of Management Quiz

Semester-I, Paper-I: English-I

• Unit-I: Focuses on simple sentences (single clause), phrase structure, tense, noun modifiers, and transformations (passives, negatives, questions)
• Unit-II: Explores complex and compound sentences (connectives), conditionals, reported speech, question tags, short responses, and common errors.
• Unit-III: Covers vocabulary, focusing on legal terms and idiomatic expressions.
• Unit-IV: Includes reading comprehension principles and practice, listening comprehension, paragraph writing, formal correspondence, and note-taking.
• Suggested Readings: Provides a list of recommended textbooks: Wren and Martin, J.E. Eroforn, T.E. Bery, Ishtiaque Abidi, and Central Institute of English.

Semester-I, Paper-II: Principles of Management

• Unit-1: Covers business organization forms (sole proprietorship, partnership, cooperatives, joint stock companies), their characteristics, strengths, limitations, and distinctions. Also includes details on company formation (articles of association, memorandum of association), and differences between public and private companies.
• Unit-II: Explores the meaning, nature, significance, art/science/profession aspects of management, management vs. administration, management levels, and process aspects. Mentions Fredrick Taylor and Henri Fayol's contributions, and the human relations school.
• Unit-III: Focuses on planning, nature of planning, various planning types, planning premises, comprehensive and contingency planning, and limitations of planning. Also includes the Management by Objectives (MBO) process, and factors essential to MBO.
• Unit-IV: Investigates organizational structure types, line and staff concepts, authority vs. power, power sources, delegation of authority, centralization vs. decentralization merits & demerits.
• Unit-V: Covers motivation (definition, elements, process), need hierarchy theory, two-factor theory, Theory X and Theory Y concepts of leadership, leadership distinctions between leaders and managers, behavioral and contingency leadership styles, decision-making, the steps, types, and limitations of decision making, communication elements, types, barriers to communication.
• Suggested Readings: Provides a list of textbooks, including Harold Koontz & Heinz Weihrich, Hellriegel, Jackson & Slocum, Parag Divan, Stoner, T. Ramaswamy, Robbins, Dr. Anand Pawar, and YK Bhushan.

Semester-I, Paper III: Business Economics

• Unit-I: Introduces business concepts, precepts, economic rationale, optimization, nature and scope of business economics, basic problems of an economy, marginalism, and equimarginalism, opportunity cost, discounting, risk, uncertainty, efficiency, and externalities.
• Unit-II: Explores demand theory, demand function, demand law, demand schedule (individual and market), exceptions to demand law, elasticity (price, income, cross), and demand forecasting.
• Unit-III: Explores supply, supply elasticity, production function, isoquants, marginal rate of technical substitution, diminishing returns, variable proportions, returns to scale, cost of production, and prime/ supplementary costs, opportunity costs, total cost, average cost, and marginal cost.
• Unit-IV: Discusses short-run and long-run price determination under perfect, monopoly, monopolistic, and oligopoly markets, pricing criteria, and pricing strategies.
• Unit-V: Explores macroeconomics (national income, determination of national income, classical and keynesian approaches, types of inflation - demand-pull and cost-push, Phillips curve, stagflation), concepts of economic growth and development, and obstacles to development.
• References: Lists textbooks on the subject including: Dominik Salvotore's "Management Economics," Dominic Salvotore's "Micro Economics," and Joseph G. Nellis and David Parket's "Principles of Business Economics.

Semester-I, Paper-IV: Financial Accounting

• Unit-I: Defines financial accounting – origin, meaning, objectives, users, and limitations. Discusses branches of accounting, classification of expenditure, and accounting terms/concepts. Describes the use of accounting equations, accounting concepts, and conventions.
• Unit-II: Explores ledger, posting from journal to ledger, journal entries, preparation of two/three-column cash book, preparation of subsidiary books (purchases book, purchases return book, sales book, sales return book, bills receivable book, bills payable book), and preparation of trial balances.
• Unit-III: Covers bank reconciliation statements, causes of difference in bank balance, techniques of preparing bank reconciliation statements, accounting errors (problems on overdraft).
• Unit-IV: Explores capital profit vs. revenue profit, capital loss vs. revenue loss, provisions & reserves (secret reserves, general reserves), preparing final accounts, trading accounts, profit and loss accounts, and balance sheets for sole proprietors.
• Unit-V: Discusses depreciation (definition, causes, methods - straight line, reducing balance, annuity), recording of depreciation, and depreciation methods (straight line, reducing balance, annuity, and depreciation fund).
• References: Lists textbooks on the subject including P.C. Tulsain, S.P. Jain, K.L. Narang, T.P. Ghosh, S.N. Maheswari, and T.S. Grewal.

Semester-I, Paper-V: History of Courts, Legislatures, and Legal Profession in India

• Unit-I: Covers administration of justice in presidency towns (1600-1773), development of courts and judicial institutions under the East India Company (Warren Hastings' Plan of 1772), and reforms made under the Act of 1773 and 1780, the Regulation Act of 1773, Supreme Court, functions, and failure, and measures of Cornwallis (1787, 1790, 1793).
• Unit-II: Discusses the Indian High Courts Act of 1861, conflicts arising from the dual judicial system, tendency for amalgamation, the Indian High Courts Act of 1911, the Government of India Act of 1915 and 1935, high courts under the Indian Constitution, development of rule of law and separation of powers, independence of judiciary, and abolition of Privy Council jurisdiction.
• Unit-III: Explores legislative evolution (legislative authority of the East India Company under Queen Elizabeth, changes under regulating act, and the Acts of 1781, 1813, and 1833).
• Unit-IV: Addresses the Indian Council Act of 1861, establishment of legislature, bicameral system, powers and functions of assemblies.
• Unit-V: Investigates the legal profession in pre-British India, ancient Indian legal system principles, and law practitioners, the organization of the legal profession, the charter of 1726 established courts, and provisions for enrollment of advocates, vakils, and attorneys under the legal practitioner's act of 1853.
• Suggested Readings: Lists textbooks on the subject including Herbert Cowall's "History and Constitution of the Courts", M.Y. Pylee's "Constitutional History of India", M.P. Jain's and A.B. Keith's works, and Rama Jois.