English Grammar: Using the Definite Article 'the'

Usage

• The English definite article "the" is used to refer to a specific noun or nouns that have already been mentioned or are already known to the listener or reader.
• It is used to indicate that the speaker assumes the listener knows which noun is being referred to.

Rules

• Use "the" before a singular noun when referring to a specific, previously mentioned noun:
  • I'm going to the store I told you about.
• Use "the" before a plural noun when referring to a specific, previously mentioned group of nouns:
  • I'm going to the parties we discussed.
• Use "the" before a noun that is unique or one of a kind:
  • The sun is shining.
• Use "the" before a noun that is part of a title or a name:
  • The New York Times
• Use "the" before a noun that is being used to describe a general category or a specific example:
  • The car is a great invention.
  • The book on the table is mine.

Exceptions

• Do not use "the" before a noun that is being used in a general sense:
  • I love dogs. (not "the dogs")
• Do not use "the" before a plural noun that refers to a general category:
  • Cats are cute. (not "the cats")
• Do not use "the" before a noun that is being used to describe a specific, unknown noun:
  • I'm looking for a book. (not "the book")
• Do not use "the" before a noun that is being used to describe a specific, unknown noun in a general sense:
  • I'm going to a store. (not "the store")

Grammar

• "The" is an article, not an adjective, and does not agree with the noun it modifies in number or gender.
• "The" is used with both countable and uncountable nouns.
• "The" is used with nouns that are both concrete and abstract.
• "The" can be used with nouns that are both singular and plural.