English Grammar: Tenses

Tenses

Overview

• Verbs can express different times and aspects through various tenses
• Tenses indicate when an action takes place (past, present, future) and its duration (simple, progressive, perfect)

Types of Tenses

• Simple Tenses:
  • Present Simple (e.g., I go)
  • Past Simple (e.g., I went)
  • Future Simple (e.g., I will go)
• Progressive Tenses:
  • Present Progressive (e.g., I am going)
  • Past Progressive (e.g., I was going)
  • Future Progressive (e.g., I will be going)
• Perfect Tenses:
  • Present Perfect (e.g., I have gone)
  • Past Perfect (e.g., I had gone)
  • Future Perfect (e.g., I will have gone)
• Perfect Progressive Tenses:
  • Present Perfect Progressive (e.g., I have been going)
  • Past Perfect Progressive (e.g., I had been going)
  • Future Perfect Progressive (e.g., I will have been going)

Verb Forms

Overview

• Verb forms indicate the verb's grammatical function and relationship with the subject
• Verb forms can be classified into finite and non-finite forms

Finite Verb Forms

• Base Form (e.g., go, eat, write)
• Singular and Plural Forms (e.g., I go, you go, he/she/it goes, we go, they go)
• Tense Forms (e.g., go, goes, went, going)

Non-Finite Verb Forms

• Infinitive (e.g., to go, to eat, to write)
• Gerund (e.g., going, eating, writing)
• Participle (e.g., going, eaten, written)
• Past Participle (e.g., gone, eaten, written)

Tenses

• Verbs can express different times and aspects through various tenses.
• Tenses indicate when an action takes place (past, present, future) and its duration (simple, progressive, perfect).

Types of Tenses

• Simple Tenses:
  • Indicate a completed or habitual action.
  • Include Present Simple, Past Simple, and Future Simple.
• Progressive Tenses:
  • Indicate an ongoing action.
  • Include Present Progressive, Past Progressive, and Future Progressive.
• Perfect Tenses:
  • Indicate an action that started in the past and has a connection to the present.
  • Include Present Perfect, Past Perfect, and Future Perfect.
• Perfect Progressive Tenses:
  • Indicate an ongoing action that started in the past and has a connection to the present.
  • Include Present Perfect Progressive, Past Perfect Progressive, and Future Perfect Progressive.

Verb Forms

• Verb forms indicate the verb's grammatical function and relationship with the subject.
• Verb forms can be classified into finite and non-finite forms.

Finite Verb Forms

• Base Form:
  • The basic form of a verb (e.g., go, eat, write).
• Singular and Plural Forms:
  • Change depending on the subject (e.g., I go, you go, he/she/it goes, we go, they go).
• Tense Forms:
  • Change depending on the time of the action (e.g., go, goes, went, going).

Non-Finite Verb Forms

• Infinitive:
  • A verb form starting with "to" (e.g., to go, to eat, to write).
• Gerund:
  • A verb form ending in "-ing" that functions as a noun (e.g., going, eating, writing).
• Participle:
  • A verb form ending in "-ing" or "-ed" that functions as an adjective (e.g., going, eaten, written).
• Past Participle:
  • A verb form used to form the present perfect tense (e.g., gone, eaten, written).