English Grammar: Modal Verbs and Clauses

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following sentences correctly uses a modal verb for obligation?

  • You mustn’t skip the meeting if you want to stay informed. (correct)
  • They might have left early for the party.
  • He can’t have forgotten about the appointment.
  • She could have enjoyed the concert last night.

Identify the correct form of a defining relative clause.

  • This is the restaurant where we had dinner last week. (correct)
  • He likes to read, which is interesting.
  • The book, that she borrowed, was fantastic.
  • I met a artist who paints modern art.

What structure correctly represents the 2nd conditional?

  • If she works overtime, she will earn more money.
  • If he studies hard, he would pass the exam.
  • If I were rich, I would travel the world. (correct)
  • If they had known, they would have acted differently.

Which sentence exemplifies the correct usage of the 3rd conditional?

<p>If she had known, she would have joined us. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences uses 'wish' correctly?

<p>I wish they were here today. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence best represents the reported speech structure?

<p>She said that she would come to the party. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the sentence that uses 'had better' correctly.

<p>He had better not forget your birthday. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Select the option that correctly represents the usage of 'used to'.

<p>I used to play soccer every Sunday. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct structure for the 1st conditional?

<p>IF + PRESENT SIMPLE + , + WILL + PRESENT (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence best illustrates a non-defining relative clause?

<p>My father, who is a doctor, travels a lot. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences demonstrates the use of 'might' correctly?

<p>He might attend the concert next week. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of wishes, what is the correct form for expressing a desire for a present situation?

<p>I wish I was more attentive. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence correctly uses 'could' in a past context?

<p>They could have gone to the party last weekend. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of modal verbs like 'must' or 'should'?

<p>To convey necessity or obligation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the expression 'had better' correctly used in a sentence?

<p>You had better not forget your homework. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the declaration about the Olimpíada Matemática imply regarding responsibility?

<p>Participants cannot hold the Olimpíada accountable for any issues. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required from parents or guardians according to the document?

<p>They should sign to confirm acceptance of the rules. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of document appears to require a signature and seal from an authority?

<p>A participant registration form. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might the establishment's seal be important on the document?

<p>It verifies the authenticity of the form. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the statement regarding knowledge of the current regulations imply?

<p>Participants must be informed about the regulations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What information is NOT required from the parent or guardian in the authorization form?

<p>Email address of the parent or guardian (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following items is specifically mentioned as being the responsibility of the parent or guardian?

<p>Transport from home to competition location (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what context is the phrase 'I take responsibility' used in the authorization form?

<p>For all transfers related to the competition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of event is the authorization referring to?

<p>A mathematics competition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required from the student in the authorization form?

<p>Date of birth and email (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the authorization form facilitate the participation of the student?

<p>By ensuring parental consent and responsibility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the authorization include regarding the child's participation consequences?

<p>The parent accepts all consequences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What information about the event is the parent or guardian required to provide?

<p>Exact dates and location (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Modal Verbs

Words used to express levels of certainty, possibility, or obligation.

1st Conditional

Describes something that might happen in the future if a condition is met.

2nd Conditional

Expresses an unreal or hypothetical situation and its improbable consequence.

3rd Conditional

Expresses a hypothetical situation in the past and its impossible consequence.

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Defining Relative Clause

Essential clauses providing crucial information to identify the noun.

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Non-Defining Relative Clause

Provides extra, non-essential information about the noun.

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Had better (not)

Expresses strong recommendation or prohibition.

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Wish/If only

Expresses a wish or regret about something that is impossible to change.

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Should/Shouldn't

Expresses advice, suggestion, or what is considered right or wrong.

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Must/Mustn't

Expresses obligation, necessity, or a strong prohibition.

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Could/Couldn't

Expresses possibility or ability in the past.

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Can't

Expresses strong impossibility, usually about past events.

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Might

Expresses a weaker possibility than 'could'.

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May

Expresses permission or a possibility.

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What is the purpose of the document?

The document serves as a disclaimer and confirmation of acceptance of the rules for a mathematical competition.

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What is a disclaimer?

A statement by an individual or organization stating they are not responsible for any potential consequences or liabilities related to a specific activity or event.

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Why is the document signed by parents or guardians?

To confirm that they are aware of the competition rules and their child's participation.

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What is the role of the establishment?

To certify the authenticity of the signature by verifying the individual's identity.

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What does the document emphasize?

It emphasizes the importance of compliance with the rules of the OLIMPÍADA MATEMÁTICA ARGENTINA.

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Authorization Form

A legal document granting permission for a child to participate in an event like the Argentine Mathematical Olympiad.

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Participant's Information

Includes the student's full name, date of birth, and contact details. This information is necessary for the event organization.

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Guardian's Information

Includes the name, ID number, address, and phone numbers of the parent, guardian, or authorized person responsible for the student.

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Event Details

Describes the event's name, date, location, and activities. This information is crucial for the participant and their guardian.

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Responsibility Clause

A statement where the guardian affirms responsibility for the student's transportation to and from the event, as well as any consequences arising from their participation.

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Student's School Information

Includes the name of the student's school, its location, and province. This information is used for event organization and communication.

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Electronic Mail (E-mail)

A digital address for communication. The student's email is included for event updates and notifications.

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Authorization Signature

The guardian's signature confirms they have read, understood, and agreed to all the terms and conditions stated in the form.

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Study Notes

  • SHOULD/SHOULDN'T: Used to express advice or obligation. Example: If you feel sick, you should go to the doctor.
  • MUST/MUSTN'T: Expresses strong obligation or prohibition. Example: I was so drunk, I must have done something stupid.
  • COULD/COULDN'T: Expresses possibility or inability. Example: He could have gone to the supermarket.
  • CAN'T: Expresses impossibility. Example: They can't have passed the exam, they didn't study at all.
  • MIGHT: Expresses possibility. Example: She might love cats, she has a pencil case with a lot of drawings of them.
  • MAY: Expresses possibility. Example: He may have studied, he passed the test.

Relative Clauses

  • Defining: Provide essential information. Example: We don't often see the people who live across the hall.
  • Non-Defining: Provide extra information. Example: Robert Downey Jr., who played Iron Man, was in jail.

First Conditional

  • Structure: If + present simple, will + present simple.
  • Example: If he does his homework, he will pass.

Second Conditional

  • Structure: If + past simple, would + main verb.
  • Example: If I died tomorrow, I would want to restart my life as a butterfly.

Third Conditional

  • Structure: If + past perfect, would have + past participle.

Wish/If Only

  • Structure: If only + past simple, or wish + past simple.
  • Example: If only I putted more attention in class.

Reported Speech

  • Converting direct speech to indirect speech.

Had Better/Had Better Not

  • Used to give advice or warnings.
  • Example: You had better do your laundry before I get home.

Used To

  • Expresses past habits.
  • Example: I used to get up at 6 o'clock.

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Revision PDF
Olimpiada Matemática Argentina Past Paper PDF

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